Social Science Question(1 Marks)

The Portuguese began cultivating indigo in in Brazil.

Women usually carried the indigo plant to the vats.

The French began cultivating indigo in St Domingue in the Caribbean islands.

On 12 August 1765, Robert Clive was granted the Diwani of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa by the Mughal ruler.

In 1770 a terrible famine killed ten million people in Bengal. About one-third of the population was wiped out.

In the French colony of St Domingue situated in the Caribbean islands, the African slaves who worked in plantations rebelled in 1791.

Weavers of Andhra Pradesh in India created Kalamkari print.

Nij was the cultivation on planter's own land.

Lathiyals were the lathi-wielding strongmen maintained by the planters.

Village headman holds the responsibility of paying the revenue in the Mahalwari Settlement.

The international demand for indigo was affectedby the discovery of synthetic dyes.

The demand for indigo increased in the late-eighteenth-century Britain because of the expansion of cotton production as a result of industrialisation, which in turn created an enormous demand for cloth dyes.

Kalamkari print is created by weavers of Andhra Pradesh in India.

The Champaran movement was against indigo planters.

The Spanish began cultivating indigo in in Venezuela.

Artisans were deserting villages since they were being forced to sell their goods to the Company at low prices. Peasants were unable to pay the dues that were being demanded from them.

W. S. Seton Karr was the President of the Indigo Commission.

Indigo is a plant that produces rich blue colour which is used as a dye.

There is one thing common in the two prints: both use a rich blue colour – commonly called indigo.

Cloth dyers, however, preferred indigo as a dye because Indigo produced a rich blue colour, whereas the dye from woad was pale and dull.

The English cultivated indigo in Jamaica.

The Permanent Settlement was introduced by Lord Cornwallis in 1793.

William Morris, a famous poet and artist of nineteenth-century Britain.

Jean Baptiste Labat wrote extensively about Carribean islands.

Gomasthas were the agents of planters.

3. Auction their land.

Growers of woad in Europe saw indigo as a crop which would provide competition to their earnings.

There were two main systems of indigo cultivation nij and ryoti.

The amount to be paid was fixed permanently, that is, it was not to be increased ever in future.

The company introduced Permanent Settlement in 1793.