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Science [4 Mark Questions]

Thermal Physics · Tamil Nadu Board STD 10 (Tamil - English Medium). 5 questions.

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[4 Mark Questions]

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Question 14 Marks
If the volume of a metallic block increases by 0.12% when it is heated through 20°C, what is the coefficient of cubical expansion.
Answer
$\frac{\Delta V}{V}=0.12 \%=\frac{0.12}{100}$
Change in temperature $\Delta T =20^{\circ} C$
Coefficient of cubical expansion
$\alpha_V=\frac{\Delta V}{V \Delta T}$
$=\frac{0.12}{100 \times 20}$
$\alpha_V=6 \times 10^{-6} /{ }^{\circ} C$
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Question 24 Marks
If the volume of a block of metal changes by 12% when it is heated by 30°C. What is the coefficient of linear expansion, superficial expansion?
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Question 34 Marks
Convert $323 K$ to ${ }^{\circ} C$.
Answer
$T =323 K $
$ T ^{\circ} C =323-273$
$=50^{\circ} C $
$ \therefore 323 K =50^{\circ} C$
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Question 44 Marks
A constant volume thermometer using the gas reads a pressure of 1.75 × 104 Pa at normal freezing of water and reads 2.39 × 104 pa at normal boiling point of water. Obtained from the observation the temperature of absolute zero on the Celcius scale.
Answer
Let temperature on Kelvin scale of the freezing point of water $= T _1 K =2.39 \times 10^4 Pa$
Let temperature on Kelvin scale of a boiling point of water $= T _2 K =1.75 \times 10^4 Pa$
As volume is constant so by universal gas law.
$PV = nRT$ as volume and mass of gas in thermometer constant,
so
Number of atoms $=\frac{\text { Mass of substance }}{\text { Molar mass }}$
$\times N _{ A } \times$ Number of atoms in the molecule
(a) $18 g$ of $H _2 O =\frac{18}{18} \times N _{ A } \times 3=3 N _{ A }$,
where $N _{ A }=6.023 \times 10^{23}$
(b) $18 g$ of $O _2=\frac{18}{32} \times N _{ A } \times 2=1.12 N _{ A }$
(c) $18 g$ of $CO _2=\frac{18}{44} \times N _{ A } \times 3=1.23 N _{ A }$
(d) $18 g$ of $CH _4=\frac{18}{16} \times N _{ A } \times 5=5.60 N _{ A }$
$\therefore(d)$ is the correct answer.
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Question 54 Marks
At what temperature the value of Celcius and Fahrenheit scale coincide.
Answer
MoleculeDiatomicTriatomicPolyatomic
Homo
Hetero
MoleculeDiatomicTriatomicPolyatomic
HomoF_(2)-P_(4),S_(8)
HeteroCO,HICO_(2)NH_(3),H_(2)SO_(4),CH_(4),C_(6)H_(12)O_(6)
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