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Model Paper 8 — Chemistry STD 11 Science — Question

Rajasthan BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceChemistryModel Paper 85 Marks
Question
1. Identify the pairs of compounds which are functional group isomers.
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2. Explain, how is the electronegativity of carbon atoms related to their state of hybridization in an organic compound.
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Answer

1. All the seven compounds given have the same molecular formula, so each alcohol is a functional group isomer of each ether given and visa-versa. Functional group isomers are a type of structural isomers having the same molecular formula but different functional groups. In the given structures, I, II, III, IV represent alcohols and V, VI, VII are ethers. Hence, I and V, I and VI, I and VII, II and V, II and VI, II and VII, III and V, III and VI, etc.
2. If C is sp hybridized then S character is $50 \%$.
If C is $sp ^2$ hybridized then S character is $33 \%$.
If C is $sp ^3$ hybridized then S character is $25 \%$.
Electronegativity of carbon is directly proportional to ' $s$ ' character.
Hence, sp hybridized carbon has strong S character.
We know that, s electrons are more strongly attracted by nucleus than p-electrons as they lie closer to nucleus.. Thus, electronegativity of carbon increases with increase in ' $s$ ' character.

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