$298 \,K \,NH_3$$_{(g)}$ અને $H_2O_{(l)}$ ની નિર્માણ ઉષ્મા અનુક્રમે $-46.0$ અને $-286.0\, kJ \,mol^{-}$ છે.
\({{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\mkern 1mu} + {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} \frac{{\text{1}}}{{\text{2}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}{\mkern 1mu} \to {\mkern 1mu} {{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} \Delta {H_2}{\mkern 1mu} = {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\text{ - }}{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\text{286}}\,{\text{KJ}}\)
\(\,{\text{4N}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}\, + \,\,{\text{3}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}\, \to \,\,{\text{2}}{{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}}\, + \,\,{\text{6}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O,}}\,\,\Delta {\text{H}}\,\, = \,\,{\text{?}}\)
\(\begin{gathered}
\Delta {\text{H}}{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} = {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\text{6}}\Delta {\mkern 1mu} {{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\mkern 1mu} {\text{ - }}{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\text{4}}{\mkern 1mu} \Delta {\mkern 1mu} {{\text{H}}_{\text{1}}}{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} \hfill \\
\Rightarrow {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} \Delta {\text{H}}{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} = {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\text{6( - 286)}}{\mkern 1mu} {\text{ - }}{\mkern 1mu} {\text{4}}{\mkern 1mu} {\text{( - 46)}}{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} \hfill \\
= {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\text{ - }}{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\text{1716}}{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} + {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\text{184 }}{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} \hfill \\
\therefore {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} \Delta {\text{H}}{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} = {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\text{ - }}{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\text{1532}}{\mkern 1mu} \,{\text{KJ}} \hfill \\
\end{gathered} \)
$ PbO$$(yellow)$ $\rightarrow$ $PbO$$(red)$
$(I)$ ${H_2}(g) + \frac{1}{2}{O_2}(g) \to {H_2}O(l);$
$\Delta {H^o_{298\,K}} = - 285.9\,kJ\,mo{l^{ - 1}}$
$(II)$ ${H_2}(g) + \frac{1}{2}{O_2}(g) \to {H_2}O(g);$
$\Delta {H^o_{298\,K}} = - 241.8\,kJ\,mo{l^{ - 1}}$
તો પાણીની મોલર બાષ્પાયન એન્થાલ્પી .....$kJ\,mol^{-1}$