
Assertion $A:$ When you squeeze one end of a tube to get toothpaste out from the other end, Pascal's principle is observed.
Reason $R:$ A change in the pressure applied to an enclosed incompressible fluid is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and to the walls of its container.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
[Given: The acceleration due to gravity $g=10 \mathrm{~ms}^{-2}$ and $\pi=3.14$ ]
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($1$) Considering the air flow to be streamline, the steady mass flow rate of air exiting the chimney is
. . . . .$\mathrm{gm} \mathrm{s}^{-1}$.
($2$) When the chimney is closed using a cap at the top, a pressure difference $\Delta P$ develops between the top and the bottom surfaces of the cap. If the changes in the temperature and density of the hot air, due to the stoppage of air flow, are negligible then the value of $\Delta P$ is. . . . .$\mathrm{Nm}^{-2}$.