MCQ
A linearly polarized electromagnetic wave given as $\text{E}=\text{E}_0\hat{\text{i}}\cos(\text{kz}-\omega\text{t})$ is incident normally on a perfectly reflecting infinite wall at $z = a$. Assuming that the material of the wall is optically inactive, the reflected wave will be given as:
  • A
    $\text{E}_\text{r}=-\text{E}_0\hat{\text{i}}\cos(\text{kz}-\omega\text{t})$
  • $\text{E}_\text{r}=\text{E}_0\hat{\text{i}}\cos(\text{kz}+\omega\text{t})$
  • C
    $\text{E}_\text{r}=-\text{E}_0\hat{\text{i}}\cos(\text{kz}+\omega\text{t})$
  • D
    $\text{E}_\text{r}=\text{E}_0\hat{\text{i}}\sin(\text{kz}-\omega\text{t})$

Answer

Correct option: B.
$\text{E}_\text{r}=\text{E}_0\hat{\text{i}}\cos(\text{kz}+\omega\text{t})$

Key concept: When a wave is reflected from a denser medium or perfectly reflecting wall made with optically inactive material, then the type of wave doesn't change but only its phase changes by $180^\circ $ or $\hat{\text{I}}€$ radian.

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