A parallel beam of light is incident on a tank filled with water up to a height of $61.5 \,mm$ as shown in the figure below. Ultrasonic waves of frequency $0.5 \,MHz$ are sent along the length of the water column using a transducer placed at the top and they form longitudinal standing waves in the water. Which of the schematic plots below best describes the intensity distribution of the light as seen on the screen? (Take, the speed of sound in water to be $1500 \,m / s$ )
KVPY 2017, Advanced
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$(a)$ Due to standing waves, density of water column is more at nodes and less at antinodes.
So, optical path length of light beams is different. This causes interference in light beams when they overlaps over screen. Hence, correct graph of intensity variation on screen is of $(a)$.
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