A spherical metal shell $A$ of radius $R_A$ and a solid metal sphere $B$ of radius $R_B\left( < R_A\right)$ are kept far apart and each is given charge ' $+Q$ '. Now they are connected by a thin metal wire. Then

$(A)$ $E_A^{\text {lnside }}=0$

$(B)$ $Q_A > Q_B$

$(C)$ $\frac{\sigma_A}{\sigma_B}=\frac{R_B}{R_A}$

$(D)$ $E_A^{\text {on sulface }} < E_B^{\text {on uurface }}$

IIT 2011, Diffcult
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The potential for both the objecs is same so, $\frac{ KQ _{ A }}{ R _{ A }}=\frac{ KQ _{ B }}{ R _{ B }}$

or $\frac{ Q _{ A }}{ Q _{ B }}=\frac{ R _{ A }}{ R _{ B }}$

As $R_BQ_B$

Above equation represents $B$ is correct option.

From Gauss law the electric field inside a spherical shell is zero so option A is correct.

Now $\sigma_A=\frac{ Q _{ A }}{4 \pi R _A^2}$ and $\sigma_B=\frac{ Q _{ B }}{4 \pi R _{ B }^2}$

Thus $\frac{\sigma_A}{\sigma_B}=\frac{ Q _{ A }}{ Q _{ B }} \times\left(\frac{ R _{ B }}{ R _{ A }}\right)^2=\frac{ R _{ A }}{ R _{ B }} \times\left(\frac{ R _{ B }}{ R _{ A }}\right)^2=\frac{ R _{ B }}{ R _{ A }}$

Thus option C is also correct.

Electric fields on the surface of shell and sphere are

$E _{ A }=\frac{\sigma_{ A }}{\epsilon_0}$

and $E _{ B }=\frac{\sigma_B}{\epsilon_0}$

Thus $\frac{E_A}{E_B}=\frac{\sigma_A}{\sigma_B}<1$

or$E _{ A }< E _{ B }$

art

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