Question
A1. Simple Factual Activities:
Write whether the following statements are True or False:
(1) The first Indian tea was sent to England for public sale in 1823.
(2) Tea became a fashionable and popular drink in Europe.
(3) Our body produces chemicals called free radicals.
(4) The word 'chai' is now sometimes used in English to refer to China tea.

      Thus the habit of drinking tea spread to Japan, Europe and England, where it became a fashionable and popular drink among the people.
     How did this magical beverage get its name? The Chinese character t’u was first used in early inscriptions to describe tea. But later, a new character, ch’a, was developed to refer specifically to tea. The word ch’a is now sometimes used in English to refer to China tea. And, as we all know, it is very close to the Hindi word chai, which is used all over India to refer to tea.
      How did tea first come to India? Historians think that tea had been known in India as a medicinal plant since ancient times, but tea was not drunk for pleasure until the British began to establish plantations in the 19th century. In the 1770s, the British East India Company made several unsuccessful attempts to grow tea in Bhutan and Assam, with seeds from China. Although these attempts failed, the botanist Robert Bruce in 1823 discovered tea plants growing wild in the Upper Brahmaputra valley. In May 1838, the first Indian tea from Assam was sent to England for public sale. Since then India has gone on to become one of the leading producers of tea in the world.
      Tea lovers claim that tea may be able to reduce the risk of cancer, control blood pressure, fight viruses in our body and actually help us live longer!
      Our body produces chemicals called free radicals. They can damage our body and our health. Tea contains antioxidants called flavonoids. Scientists believe these help to protect our system against free radicals.

A2. Complex Factual Activities:

Complete the web :
Image
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Match the verbs in 'A' with the related phrases/words in 'B' from the passage:

 'A' 'B'
(1) reduce(a) viruses in our body
(2) control(b) us live longer
(3) fight(c) the risk of cancer
(4) help(d) blood pressure

A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
Underline the infinitives in the following sentences:
(1) The word ch'a' is used in English to refer to China tea.
(2) Tea may be able to reduce the risk of cancer
A5. Personal Response:
What is the difference between 'claim' and 'fact'?

Answer

A1. Simple Factual Activities:
(1) False
(2) True.
(3) True
(4) False
A2. Complex Factual Activities:
Image
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:

(1) reduce - the risk of cancer
(2) control - blood pressure
(3) fight - viruses in our body
(4) help - us live longer
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
(1) The word ch'a' is used in English to refer to China tea.
(2) Tea may be able to reduce the risk of cancer
A5. Personal Response:
The word 'claim' is used to say that something is true although it has not been proved or approved by all people totally. Fact means reality. It is used to refer that a particular situation or incident existed and considered to be true and that it can be proved as real.

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A1. Simple Factual Activities:
Complete the following sentences:
(1) Prospero narrated the story of their past life to his daughter.
(2) Prospero raised a great tempest with his power of magic.
(3) He wanted to show how the ship was struggling on the wild waves due to his magic.
(4) Being kind-hearted, Miranda requested her father to have pity on the people caught in the storm.

     As the tempest raged, Prospero led his daughter to the shore of the island and showed her the ship struggling on the wild waves.
     Miranda, a kind-hearted girl, begged her father to have pity on the people caught in the storm “O Father!” she begged, “if by your art, you have raised this dreadful tempest, please, please quell the storm now! Save the poor souls on board!”
     Prospero told his daughter not to be afraid. “I have so ordered it that no person on that ship will be hurt in any way. I intend to save every one of them-but what I have done now is in your interest,” he said to her.
     Miranda was puzzled. Why should her father put the ship and its crew in peril for her sake?
     Then, for the first time, Prospero told her the story of their past life. He explained that he had caused the tempest in order to bring his enemies, Alonso and Sebastian, within his power.
      Having narrated this story, Prospero touched Miranda with his magic stick, and she fell fast asleep. Now Ariel appeared before him to give an account of the storm. He gave a lively story of the fears of the sailors, the anxiety of the lords and how Prince Ferdinand, king Alonso’s son, had leaped into the sea. His father and the rest of the royal party feared that he was dead; the Prince, for his part, believed that his father and the other lords had gone down with the ship.

Ariel’s Song

Full fathom five thy father lies,
      Of his bones are coral made:
Those are pearls that were his eyes,
      Nothing of him that doth fade,
But doth suffer a sea-change
      Into something rich, and strange:
Sea-nymphs hourly ring his knell -
      Hark ! now I hear them.
      Ding-dong bell.

.A2. Complex Factual Activity:
Find out supporting points from the story to prove the following facts:
(1) Miranda was very kind-hearted.
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Make a word register related with 'sea'.
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
Use 'As soon as' in the following sentences:
(1) Prospero touched Miranda with his magic stick and she fell fast asleep.
(2) As the tempest raged, Prospero led his daughter to the shore of the island.
A5. Personal Response:
If you were given the power of magic for one day, what would you do? How would you use the power of magic?

A1. Simple Factual Activities:
State whether the following statements are True or False :
(1) The Goldsmith blamed the King for the delay in his work.
(2) The King thought that the Goldsmith had a good reason to delay the Daughter's work.
(3) The Goldsmith was hanged.
(4) The noose did not fit the Goldsmith's neck.

Second Guard exits and returns with the goldsmith.
Goldsmith : (in a cranky tone) O Noble King ! I beg of you ! How can you give me such a harsh  sentence ? I was merely following your orders to  the letter. You commanded me to set aside all  my work and get the Queen’s ornaments ready  before Her Highness’s birthday. So there has been  a delay in making this lady’s bridal ornaments.  In the name of justice, Your Highness, pardon me.  Spare my life. I was just following Your Highness’s  orders.
King : Not another word. Your excuse does not hold  good. (To the guards) Take the goldsmith away  to the gallows and hang him at once.
Goldsmith : Have mercy, O, Generous King, I fall at  thy feet. Please, forgive me, just once, this time.  Let me live. I have....
King : (loudly) None of this anymore. Take him away  at once. Let him hang to death.
(Two guards drag the wailing goldsmith away.  Courtiers and others whisper to one another out  of shock. Soon the guards return with the goldsmith  and the hangman.)
King : (annoyed) What ? Why have you not carried out  my orders ? Hang the goldsmith at this moment  or else you will suffer the same punishment.
Hangman : (holding a noose in his hand) A thousand  apologies, O Great King, but this noose does not  fit the goldsmith’s neck. It is too loose.
King : Then try it around everyone’s neck here (Pointing  to the subjects) and see who it fits. Whosoever  has a neck of the size of the noose must be  hanged.
(Hangman tries the noose on many of the subjects  waiting for justice. They spurn and resist, but the  Hangman with the help of the guards overpowers  them. Finally, the noose fits the disciple.)
Hangman : Ah, Your Highness, It fits..... at last. 
Disciple : But... but.. King : Ah ! Justice at last ! Take him to the gallows without further delay.
(Hangman and guards force the protesting disciple out.)
King : Justice delayed is justice denied. Andher Nagari prides itself on prompt action. Our actions speak louder than words.

A2. Complex Factual Activities:
(1) List the characters that appear for the first time in this part of the play. Write one or two lines about each of them :
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Find out a suitable word from the extract and complete the following sentences:
(1) If you disturb the class, your teacher will give you ______________.
(2) Most of the women are crazy for ______________.
(3) King Shibi was very ______________.
(4) It is our duty to follow our parent's ______________.
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
List the proverbs and sayings used in the passage:
A5. Personal Response:
Is the Goldsmith telling the truth? Give reasons for your answer. 
A1. Simple Factual Activities:
Complete the following statements by giving reasons:
(1) Faraday forgot to applaud with the rest of the crowd because  ______________________.
(2) Faraday didn't just want to sell books because ______________________.

      That day in 1812 Faraday was spellbound by Davy’s lecture. He kept taking notes about the ‘mysterious force of electric fluid’. He was so engrossed in the lecture that he forgot to applaud with the rest of the crowd. When he went back, his notes were so comprehensive that he bound them into a book, meaning to gift it to Davy some day. Faraday decided that day that he didn’t just want to sell books, he wanted to be a great scientist - good enough to write his own books. Davy became his role model. But there was a problem. He did not have the social status, money or the education to pursue science. Faraday thought it would be wonderful if Davy became his mentor, but Davy did not agree initially. Faraday was not dejected; he just kept trying.
        Destiny had a strange plan in store for him. A few years later, a chemical explosion happened inside Davy’s lab and he was temporarily blinded. He now needed an assistant with an excellent memory to help him. He was reminded of Faraday and decided to hire him as his secretary. Davy never believed Faraday could do anything in the field of science going by his social status and education. He therefore dismissed Faraday’s aspirations and advised him to stick to bookbinding. But Faraday was relentless. He worked day and night and learnt as much as he could about Davy’s experiments. Soon Faraday became indispensable to Davy, and was promoted to his lab assistant. This was his first step towards a scientific career. Though much of his job now was cleaning labs, at least he got to see some of Davy’s leading experiments.

A2. Complex Factual Activity:
Was Davy fair in his treatment of Faraday? How did Faraday respond to that treatment?
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Write four words from the passage that tell us the state of mind of a person:
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
Find and write from the passage the adjectives used for the following nouns:
(1) force (2) notes (3) explosion (4) memory
A5. Personal Response:
Is it necessary to have social status, money to pursue your goal? Explain why.
A1. Simple Factual Activities:
Complete the following sentences using the information given in the passage:
(1) Most people agree that tea is a ______________.
(2) Emperor Shennong was called the father of ______________.
(3) Bodhidharma found that chewing tea leaves acted as ______________.
(4) Tea got its distinctive flavour by its theanine as well as ______________.

       Most people agree that tea is a refreshing drink. It contains no carbohydrates, fat, or proteins. What gives tea its special and distinctive flavour is theanine as well as caffeine, which give the drink its stimulating quality.
       How and when did people first begin to drink tea? An amusing story has come down to us from Chinese legends. It is said that Emperor Shennong, the father of Chinese agriculture and medicine, was on his travels, when a servant was boiling some water for the emperor to drink. Just then, a few leaves from a nearby tree blew into the boiling water. The water immediately changed colour. On drinking the water, the emperor was amazed by the rich flavour and the refreshing quality of the resulting infusion. Excited by the unknown plant and its amazing flavour, he carried out further investigations, and discovered that tea had many healing and restorative properties and could also be used as an antidote to certain poisons.
       Yet another legend tells us that it was a Buddhist monk named Bodhidharma who was the first to use tea as a drink. He was keen to find a herb or a medicinal plant which would help him stay awake and alert for long periods of time in prayer and meditation. After considerable search and trial, he found that chewing leaves from the tea shrub acted as a stimulant, helping him stay awake. It was he who introduced tea among his disciples in China. It is said that Japanese priests studying under Buddhist teachers in China carried tea seeds and leaves back home with them. Turkish traders also began to bargain for tea on the border of Mongolia. In fact, the story goes that the Chinese Emperor Hui Tsung was so taken up with tea that he set up a research into the best tea- whisking methods and also hosted tea-making and tea-tasting tournaments in the court. So ‘tea minded’ was he, that he failed to notice that Mongolia had actually taken over his empire!

A2. Complex Factual Activities:
Image
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Match the words in Column 'A' with their meaning in Column 'B':

Column 'A'Column 'B'
(1) investigation(a) a substance (tea) that helps you to stay awake.
(2) stimulant(b) a drink made by leaving shrubs (leaves), etc. in boiling water.
(3) infusion(c) making you strong and healthy again.
(4) restorative(d) a scientific examination for finding the truth.

A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
Underline the infinitives in the following sentence:
(1) It was funny to read words that stood still.
(2) Do I have to read the book?
(3) Turkish traders began to bargain for tea..
(4) A servant was boiling some water for the king to drink.
A5. Personal Response:
What is the difference between legends or stories and history?

A1. Simple Factual Activities:
Find the following matter in the passage and copy the missing words:
Image

      Sayed Haider Raza, popularly known as Raza, was a renowned Indian artist. Simple geometric shapes, striking colour combinations, captivating compositions - these are some of the characteristic features of his paintings, and so are the colours blue and orange. You will find them in almost all his paintings. None of his paintings depict lifelike human figures or copies of scenes from his environment. His paintings belong to the abstract style of paintings. Such paintings are not inspired by any external factor. They originate when the artist tries to peep into his own inner mind. They are made by arranging circles, triangles, squares, rectangles, lines, dots in different compositions using effective techniques of applying paint, attractive colour combinations, achieving balance in some places and creating imbalance in other places.
     Raza found his paintings through his study of Indian art and its heritage, cultural context and philosophy. His pictures seem to radiate peace and life at the same time. We realise that the painting is a visible form of very deep thought. Very few abstract paintings communicate with the viewers as much as Raza’s do.

A2. Complex Factual Activity:
(1) What are the specialities of Raza's paintings? 
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Complete the following web by writing words related with 'colours' from the passage:
Image
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
(1) Identify the tense:
You will find them in almost all paintings.
(2) Frame a Wh-type question to get underlined part as an answer:
Sayed Haider Raza is popularly known as Raza.
A5. Personal Response:
Write 4-5 sentences about any other Indian painter you like. 
A1. Simple Factual Activities:
Complete the following sentences using the information given in the passage:
(1) Faraday succeeded as head of the laboratory ______________________.
(2) ______________________ was Faraday's another revolutionary discovery.

      In 1829, Davy died and Faraday succeeded him as head of the laboratory. He was free to pursue whatever he liked, and he made another revolutionary discovery. He noticed that if he moved a magnet, it could produce electrical current; thus he could now convert motion into electricity. This is how the electrical generator was born, something still used today to generate all kinds of power, like dynamos and other devices.
      Faraday was now a legend. In 1840, he developed memory loss, which continued for the rest of his life. But the disease did not stop him. He persevered, starting a complicated experiment to prove that light was closely related to electricity and magnetism - a novel thought in those times.
     Remember that piece of Bavarian glass Faraday had kept on his shelf ? He was determined to convert the reminder of his first major failure to an instrument of great success. He used the same glass now to show that in the presence of a magnet, light could be isolated into a single wave rather than spreading out randomly in all directions, a concept called polarization.

A2. Complex Factual Activity:
Write the idea behind an electrical generator. 
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Write from the passage all the words related to science:
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
Do as directed:
Frame wh-question to get the underlined part as answers:
(1) He used the same glass now.
(2) They found the strange object under a bench in the garden.
A5. Personal Response:
Do you agree with Faraday's following quotation? Explain with his own examples:
'In order to succeed, your desire for success should be greater than your fear of failure'.
A1. Simple Factual Activities:
Correct the following sentences using facts from the passage:
(1) The Greek armies and heroes always defeated the Trojans. 
(2) Both the enemies were eager to continue fighting.

      The Iliad is the story of Ilium or Troy, a rich trading city in Asia Minor near the narrow sea that leads from the Aegean to the Black Sea. It was well situated, both for commerce and agriculture. In front of the city was the sea over which sailed the ships of Troy, carrying goods and grain. At the back rose the high peak of Mount Ida, from which flowed many rivers and streams. The valleys among the hills were well-watered and fertile, with corn growing in fertile fields and cattle feeding on the rich grass of the meadows while sheep fed on the slopes of the hills.
      Round their city the Trojans had built a strong wall so that no enemy should attack them from the sea. The wall was so broad that people could stand and sit and walk on it. The great gates stood open, and people could go to the seashore outside and come in as they pleased. But in time of war the gates would be closed; and then the city was like a strong fortress, quite safe from all attack, protected by the walls surrounding it, as well as by the hills behind.
      Thus, Troy was a strong city, strongly protected by its walls and strongly defended by its brave soldiers. But all the kings and heroes of Greece had declared war against the Trojans, because Paris, a prince of Troy, had persuaded Helen, wife of a Greek king Menelaus, to elope with him. He had brought her to Troy. The Greeks wanted to take revenge on Troy for the wrong done to Menelaus. They sailed to Troy and laid siege to the city. The Trojans, too, fought hard and the siege continued for ten long years.

A2. Complex Factual Activities:
State the counteraction for the following actions: 
(1) Hector was killed by Achilles.
(2) The siege continued for ten long years.
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Find antonyms of the following from the passage: 
1) offended × ______________
(2) peace × ______________
(3) exposed × ______________
(4) begin × ______________
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
(1) Greeks could not take the city. (Make the sentence affirmative.)
(2) Every day Greeks came out of their gates. (Rewrite the sentence using past continuous tense.)
A5. Personal Response:

Which of the following are the adverse effects of war? Tick ☑ in the given box:
(1) Many people are killed.   
(2) The country gains fame and glory.   
(3) They lose peace in the land.   
(4) Thousands are wounded.   
A1. Simple Factual Activities:
Answer the following in words:
(1) How many times did Mark Twain hear the story?
(2) Who was telling the story?

     One day Henry Irving, in the midst of telling Mark Twain a humorous story, abruptly stopped and examined his friend’s face. “You haven’t heard this, have you ?” he asked. Twain assured him that he had not. 
     When, some time later, Irving again paused, and again posed the question, Twain again reassured him. Then, approaching the climax, Irving broke off once more. “Are you quite sure you haven’t heard this?” he demanded suspiciously. “I can lie once,” Twain finally replied. “I can lie twice for courtesy’s sake, but I draw the line there. I can’t lie the third time at any price. I not only heard the story, I invented it !”
Mark Twain once proposed a ‘Plan for the Improvement of English Spelling’: 
     For example, in Year 1 that useless letter ‘c’ would be dropped to be replased either by ‘k’ or 
‘s,’ and likewise, ‘x’ would no longer be part of the alphabet. 
The only kase in which ‘c’ would be retained  would be the ‘ch’ formation, which will be dealt with later.
     Year 2 might reform ‘w’ spelling, so that ‘which’ and ‘one’ would take the same konsonant, wile Year 3 might well abolish ‘y’ replasing it with ‘i’ and Iear 4 might fiks the ‘g/j’ anomali wonse and for all. 
     Jenerally, then, the improvement would kontinue iear bai iear with Iear 5 doing awai with useless double konsonants, and Iears 6-12 or so modifaiing vowlz and the rimeining voist and unvoist konsonants. Bai Iear 15 or sou, it wud fainali bi posibl to meik ius ov thi ridandant letez ‘c,’ ‘y’ and ‘x’ — bai now jast a memori in the maindz ov ould doderez — tu riplais ‘ch,’ ‘sh,’ and ‘th’ rispektivli. 
     Fainali, xen, aafte sam 20 iers ov orxogrefkl riform, wi wud hev a lojikl, kohirnt speling in ius xrewawt xe Ingliy-spiking werld. 

A2. Complex Factual Activities:
(1) Why was Henry Irving asking Mark Twain the same question again and again?
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
Find out any four wrongly spelled words from the passage and correct them:
(1) Iear - 
(2) konsonant - 
(3) fainali -
(4) lojikl -
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
Identify the mistakes in the following sentences and write the correct sentences:
(1) Jenerally, then, the improvement would kontinue iear bai iear.
(2) it wud fainali bi posibl to meik ius ov thi ridandant letez.
A5. Personal Response:
(1) Why should we avoid spelling mistakes while writing?
A1. Simple Factual Activities:
State whether you Agree or Disagree with the following statements:
(1) Miranda had never ever seen any human being except her father.
(2) Prospero was not happy when his daughter saw Ferdinand.
(3) Miranda was the goddess of the island.
(4) Ariel was very faithful to Prospero.

      In reality, Ariel informed Prospero, the ship was  safely anchored in one corner of the island; Ferdinand  was all alone on the beach, and Alonso, Antonio,  Gonzalo and the others were wandering about on the  island, not knowing where to go.
      “Ariel, my joyful spirit,” Said Prospero. “Bring Ferdinand here at once, for my daughter must see him.”
      “Remember, Master, I have served you joyfully all these years. And you promised me that you would set me free one day.”             
      “Obey my commands now,” Prospero said to him “and in two days I shall set you free!”
       Ariel, assuming a form invisible to Ferdinand enchanted the prince with a beautiful song, leading him carefully into the presence of Prospero and Miranda And, all happened exactly as Prospero had planned.
       Miranda, who had never ever seen any human being except her father, looked at the handsome young prince and was thrilled.
      “I might call him a thing divine,” she exclaimed “for nothing natural I ever saw so noble!”
       Ferdinand too, was astonished to see such a beautiful young girl in a desolate place like the island “Most sure, she is the goddess of the island !” he thought to himself.
       As they gazed at each other in wonder, admiration and love, Prospero was secretly pleased. But outwardly he pretended to be angry. He accused the Prince of spying on the island, to capture it for himself. “Follow me,” he said to the Prince, “I shall tie you up, neck and feet together.”
      The brave prince drew his sword to defend himself - but Prospero waved his magic stick, and the prince was forced to stand like a statue, as still as stone.. 

A2. Complex Factual Activity:
Who said to whom and when :
(1) "Remember, Master, I have served you joyfully all these years!"
(2) "Obey my commands now, and in two days I shall set you free!"
(3) Most sure, she is the goddess of the island!
(4) "Follow me, I shall tie you up, neck and feet together."
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
writing related words to the given mood:
(1) Happy mood : ___________, ___________
(2) Surprise mood : ___________, ___________
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
Rewrite the following sentences as per the instructions:
(1) Prospero waved his magic stick.
(Rewrite the sentence in past continuous tense.)
(2) Ariel informed Prospero that the ship was safely anchored in one corner of the island.
(Rewrite the sentence in past perfect tense.)
A5. Personal Response:
Do you think the power of magic can make you successful? Why?
A1. Simple Factual Activities:
Complete the following sentences:
(1) The mortar-maker's family comprised of ______________.
(2) According to the mortar-maker excess water poured down into ______________.

King : Summon the mortar-maker at once. He must pay with his life for his thoughtlessness.
(First Guard exits and returns with the mortar-maker who rushes and throws himself before the king.)
Mortar-maker : (wailing loudly) Forgive me, O Merciful King. Please do not hang me to death. I have a wife and two young children. Who will look after them ?
King : Your carelessness has cost a life. You must pay with your life.
Mortar-maker : No... no... no, my Royal Lord. I am not to blame. The pot which I used to pour water into the mortar had an extra-ordinarily large mouth. So excess water poured down into the mortar mixture. I was helpless. It is the potter’s fault for making such a useless pot.
King : Let the potter be brought here at once. He must be executed for moulding such useless pots.
(Fourth Guard leaves and re-enters with the potter.)
Potter : (cowering before the king) Your Majesty, show mercy to this humble potter. I agree the pot I made and sold to the mortar-maker was a defective one. But I am not guilty. As I was moulding that pot, I heard the sweet delicate tinkling of anklets. It was the money-lender’s daughter. She distracted me just as I was shaping the mouth and it became too wide.
King : Bring the money-lender’s daughter here, this very instant. She must be sent to the gallows for disturbing this poor potter at work.
(First Guard leaves and enters with the money-lender and his daughter.)
Money-lender : (in a desperate voice) O Just King ! Spare my daughter. She is my only child and to be wedded next Monday.
Daughter : Oh, do not fret, father. The king will not hang me. (To the king) Your Most Esteemed 
Highness, I rarely step outside the threshold of my home. But as my father said, I am to be married next week and my jewellery is not ready. I had to go to the goldsmith’s shop to urge him to work faster and hand over my ornaments on time ... The potter’s shop is on the way. I could not help it. It is all the goldsmith’s fault. Had he delivered my ornaments on time. I would not have been forced to go past the potter’s shop.
King : Then send for the goldsmith and without any delay, he must be hanged.

A2. Complex Factual Activities:
(1) What is the Mortar-maker's excuse? Is it believable? 
A3. Activities based on Vocabulary:
(1) Find out minimum four infinitives from the passage:
A4. Activities based on Contextual Grammar:
(1) Copy four imperative sentences from the passage:
A5. Personal Response:
Do you think the potter is telling the truth? Why?