$Assertion$ : The number of significant figures depends on the least count of measuring instrument.
$Reason$ : Significant figures define the accuracy of measuring instrument.
$Reason$ : Significant figures define the accuracy of measuring instrument.
AIIMS 2016, Easy
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- 1In electromagnetic theory, the electric and magnetic phenomena are related to each other. Therefore, the dimensions of electric and magnetic quantities must also be related to each other. In the questions below, $[E]$ and $[B]$ stand for dimensions of electric and magnetic fields respectively, while $\left[\varepsilon_0\right]$ and $\left[\mu_0\right]$ stand for dimensions of the permittivity and permeability of free space respectively. $[L]$ and $[T]$ are dimensions of length and time respectively. All the quantities are given in $SI$ units.View Solution
($1$) The relation between $[E]$ and $[B]$ is
$(A)$ $[ E ]=[ B ][ L ][ T ]$ $(B)$ $[ E ]=[ B ][ L ]^{-1}[ T ]$ $(C)$ $[ E ]=[ B ][ L ][ T ]^{-1}$ $(D)$ $[ E ]=[ B ][ L ]^{-1}[ T ]^{-1}$
($2$) The relation between $\left[\varepsilon_0\right]$ and $\left[\mu_0\right]$ is
$(A)$ $\left[\mu_0\right]=\left[\varepsilon_0\right][ L ]^2[ T ]^{-2}$ $(B)$ $\left[\mu_0\right]=\left[\varepsilon_0\right][ L ]^{-2}[ T ]^2$ $(C)$ $\left[\mu_0\right]=\left[\varepsilon_0\right]^{-1}[ L ]^2[ T ]^{-2}$ $(D)$ $\left[\mu_0\right]=\left[\varepsilon_0\right]^{-1}[ L ]^{-2}[ T ]^2$
Give the answer or quetion ($1$) and ($2$)
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$z \pm \Delta z=\frac{x \pm \Delta x}{y \pm \Delta y}=\frac{x}{y}\left(1 \pm \frac{\Delta x}{x}\right)\left(1 \pm \frac{\Delta y}{y}\right)^{-1} .$
The series expansion for $\left(1 \pm \frac{\Delta y}{y}\right)^{-1}$, to first power in $\Delta y / y$, is $1 \mp(\Delta y / y)$. The relative errors in independent variables are always added. So the error in $z$ will be $\Delta z=z\left(\frac{\Delta x}{x}+\frac{\Delta y}{y}\right)$.
The above derivation makes the assumption that $\Delta x / x \ll<1, \Delta y / y \ll<1$. Therefore, the higher powers of these quantities are neglected.
($1$) Consider the ratio $r =\frac{(1- a )}{(1+ a )}$ to be determined by measuring a dimensionless quantity a.
If the error in the measurement of $a$ is $\Delta a (\Delta a / a \ll<1)$, then what is the error $\Delta r$ in
$(A)$ $\frac{\Delta a }{(1+ a )^2}$ $(B)$ $\frac{2 \Delta a }{(1+ a )^2}$ $(C)$ $\frac{2 \Delta a}{\left(1-a^2\right)}$ $(D)$ $\frac{2 a \Delta a}{\left(1-a^2\right)}$
($2$) In an experiment the initial number of radioactive nuclei is $3000$ . It is found that $1000 \pm$ 40 nuclei decayed in the first $1.0 s$. For $|x|<1$, In $(1+x)=x$ up to first power in $x$. The error $\Delta \lambda$, in the determination of the decay constant $\lambda$, in $s ^{-1}$, is
$(A) 0.04$ $(B) 0.03$ $(C) 0.02$ $(D) 0.01$
Give the answer or quetion ($1$) and ($2$)
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