a
(a)
Distances and velocities of charged particle given are as below.
Energy conservation between $A$ and $B$ gives,
$q V_A+\frac{1}{2} m u^2=q V_B+\frac{1}{2} m(\sqrt{2} u)^2$
$\Rightarrow \quad q\left(V_A-V_B\right)=\frac{1}{2} m u^2$
$\Rightarrow \quad q \frac{\lambda}{2 \pi \varepsilon_0} \cdot \ln 2=\frac{1}{2} m u^2 \quad \dots(i)$
Now, energy conservation between $A$ and $C$ gives,
$q V_A +\frac{1}{2} m u^2=q V_C+\frac{1}{2} m v^2$
$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{2} m v^2 =q\left(V_A-V_C\right)+\frac{1}{2} m u^2$
$=q \frac{\lambda}{2 \pi \varepsilon_0} \cdot \ln 4+\frac{1}{2} m u^2$
$=\frac{2 q \lambda}{2 \pi \varepsilon_0} \cdot \ln 2+\frac{1}{2} m u^2$
Substituting value of $\left(\frac{q {\lambda}}{2 \pi \varepsilon_0} \ln 2\right)$ from Eq. $(i)$ in above equation, we have
$\frac{1}{2} m v^2=2\left(\frac{1}{2} m u^2\right)+\frac{1}{2} m u^2$
$\Rightarrow \quad v=\sqrt{3} u$
