Question
Blood flow in the heart during a cardiac cycle.
✓
Answer
- Joint diastole:
- Deoxygenated blood flows into the right atrium through vena cavae and oxygenated blood into the left atrium through pulmonary veins.
- As the AV valves are open, blood from the atria flows into the respective ventricles.
- Atrial systole:
- As the atria contract, blood flow to the ventricles increases by about 30 percent.
- Ventricular systole:
- As the ventricles start contracting, the atria enter the diastole.
- The ventricular pressure increases and hence, the AV valves close, (producing the first heart sound) to prevent back flow of blood.
- As the ventricular pressure increase further, the semilunar valves are forced open and blood from the right ventricle enters the pulmonary artery and from the left ventricle into the aorta.
- Ventricular diastole:
- As the ventricular pressure decreases, the semilunar valves close (producing the second heart sound) to prevent back flow of blood into ventricles.
- For a brief period the ventricular diastole coincides with the atrial diastole, i.e., joint diastole.
- The AV valves open and blood starts flowing from the atria into the respective ventricles.
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