Development and Democracy — Political Science STD 12 Arts — Question
Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ArtsPolitical ScienceDevelopment and Democracy3 Marks
Question
Briefly explain the provision for development of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
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Answer
Scheduled Castes (SC): In the caste system of India, the caste of untouchables is referred to as Scheduled Castes.
16.6% of the country's population belongs to the Scheduled Castes.
Religious reformers, social reformers and leaders of the freedom struggle have made many efforts for its upliftment.
Now the Government of India is paving the way for their development through its various schemes.
Scheduled Tribes (ST): For centuries, people living in forests, hills and inland areas (tribals) have been referred to as Scheduled Tribes in the Constitution.
8.6% of the country's population which is far behind socio-economically.
The government has implemented several schemes for its development.
Provisions for development of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
Abolition of untouchability as per Article 17 of the Constitution.
A law declaring untouchability a crime was passed in 1995, expanding its scope in 1976.
In 1986, a law was passed to stop atrocities against Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
The fundamental right to equality is the same for all citizens of India.
The guiding principles of state policy provide state guidance for the protection and welfare of this group.
Reserved seats are determined on the basis of the population of the Lok Sabha and the Legislative Assembly.
Reserved seats are formed for SCs and STs in government jobs and also in educational institutions.
Separate National Commissions for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes were formed in 2003.
Based on the report of the Bhuriya Samiti of the Central Government, provision has been made for the Scheduled Tribes to reserve their advance rights over natural resources and the posts of Sarpanch, President and Deputy Sarpanch in the Panchayats in the Scheduled Tribe areas with more than 50% population.
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