Buffer solutions have constant acidity and alkalinity because - Vidyadip

MCQ

Buffer solutions have constant acidity and alkalinity because

✓
these give unionised acid or base on reaction with added acid or alkali
B
acids and alkalies in these solutions are shielded from attack by other ions
C
they have large excess of $H^+$ or $OH^-$ ions
D
they have fixed value of $pH.$

✓

Answer

Correct option: A.

these give unionised acid or base on reaction with added acid or alkali

a
If a small amount of an acid or alkali is added to a buffer solution, it converts them into unionised acid or base. Thus, remains unaffected or in other words its acidity/alkalinity remains constant. e.g.

$\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}+\mathrm{A}^{-} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{HA}$

$\mathrm{OH^-}+\mathrm{HA} \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{A}^{-}$

If acid is added, it reacts with $A^-$ to form undissociated $HA$. Similarly, if base/alkali is added, $OH^-$ combines with $HA$ to give $H_2O$ and Aand thus, maintains the acidity/alkalinity of buffer solution.

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