Question
"Caste system in modern India has undergone great changes." Explain.
OR
Explain any three factors which are responsible for breaking down the old notions of caste hierarchy.

OR
Explain any five social-economic changes responsible for breaking down the old notion of caste hierarchy in India.

Answer

  1. With economic development, large scale urbanisation, growth of literacy and education, occupational mobility and the weakening of the position of landlords in the villages, the old notions of caste hierarchy are breaking down. In urban areas we don't see the practice of untouchability anywhere.
  2. When new generations are taking up new occupations other than those practised by their parents or ancestors.
  3. The Constitution of India prohibited any caste-based discrimination and laid the foundations of policies to reverse the injustices of the caste system.
  4. Caste system also got weakened due to the efforts of our political leaders and social reformers like Jyotiba Phule, Gandhiji, B.R. Ambedkar and P.R. Naicker. They advocated and worked to establish a society in which caste inequalities are absent.
  5. In urban areas people work, live and enjoy together no matter which caste they belong to. People do not bother who is eating at the next table in a restaurant.
  6. Spread of education has brought awareness among people. It has broadened their outlook. As a result, caste system does not seem to be so prevalent today as it was in bygone days.

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