Question
Classify carbohydrates and also give examples of each.

Answer

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Explain the general characteristics of actinoids in the following terms:
(i) Physical properties
(ii) Chemical reactivity
(iii) Magnetic properties
(iv) Ionization enthalpy.
  1. Complete the following chemical reaction equations:
i. $\text{MnO}_{4(aq)}^{-}+\text{C}_{2}\text{O}_{4(aq)}^{2-}+\text{H}^{+}_{(aq)}\rightarrow$

ii. $\text{Cr}_{2}\text{O}_{7(aq)}^{2-}+\text{Fe}^{2+}_{(aq)}+\text{H}_{(aq)}^{+}\rightarrow$
  1. Explain the following observations about the transition/inner transition elements:
  1. There is in general an increase in density of element from titanium (Z=22) to copper (Z=29).
  2. There occurs much more frequent metal-metal bonding in compounds of heavy transition elements (3rd series).
  3. The members in the actinoid series exhibit a larger number of oxidation states than the corresponding members in the lanthanoid series.
Derive the Nernst equation and explain how $E_{\text {cell }}^{\circ}$ depends on concentration of ions.
Attempt any five of the following:
$(a)$ What are Purines and Pyrimidines? Name the purines and Pyrimidines present in $ \text{DNA}$ and $ \text{RNA}$ nucleic Acids.
$(b)$ Write the full forms of $ \text{DNA}$ and $ \text{RNA}$
$(c)$ Name the vitamin whose deficiency causes convulsions.
$(d)$ Which vitamin $B$ group can be stored in our body?
$(e) (i).$ What is the difference between a nucleoside and nucleotide?
$(ii).$ Write one difference between $a-$helix and $\beta-$pleated sheet structures of protein.
$(f)$ What are nucleic acids? Why two strands in $ \text{DNA}$ are not identical but are complementary?
$(g)$ Some enzymes are named after the reaction, where they are used. What name is given to the class of enzymes which catalyse the oxidation of one substrate with simultaneous reduction of another substrate?
Match the properties given in Column I with the metals given in Column II.
 
Column I (Property)
 
Column II (Metal)
$(i)$
Element with highest second ionisation enthalpy
$(a)$
$Co$
$(ii)$
Element with highest third ionisation enthalpy
$(b)$
$Cr$
$(iii)$
$M$ in $M$ $(CO)6$ is
$(c)$
$Cu$
$(iv)$
Element with highest heat of atomisation
$(d)$
$Zn$
   
$(e)$
$Ni$
a. Define the terms osmosis and osmotic pressure. Is the osmotic pressure of a solution a colligative property? Explain.
b. Calculate the boiling point of a solution prepared by adding $15.00\  g$ of $NaCl$ to $250.0\ g$ of water. ( $K _{ b }$ for water $=0.512 K kg mol ^{-1}$, Molar mass of $NaCl =58.44 g$ )
A colourless substance 'A' $(C_6H_7N)$ is sparingly soluble in water and gives a water soluble compound 'B' on treating with mineral acid. On reacting with $CHCl_3$ and alcoholic potash 'A' produces an obnoxious smell due to the formation of compound 'C'. Reaction of 'A' with benzenesulphonyl chloride gives compound 'D' which is soluble in alkali. With $NaNO_2$ and HCl, 'A' forms compound 'E' which reacts with phenol in alkaline medium to give an orange dye 'F'. Identify compounds 'A' to 'F'.
All energetically effective collisions do not result in a chemical change. Explain with the help of an example.
Describe the standard hydrogen electrode with diagram.
Answer the following question:
When conc. H2SO4 was added into an unknown salt present in a test tube, a brown gas (A) was evolved. This gas intensified when copper turnings were also added into this test tube. On cooling, the gas (A) changed into a colourless gas (B).
  1. Identify the gases A and B.
  2. Write the equations for the reactions involved.