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Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance — Physics STD 12 Science — Question

Bihar BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 SciencePhysicsElectrostatic Potential and Capacitance1 Mark
MCQ
Consider a uniform electric field in the $\hat{\text{Z}}$ direction. The potential is a constant:
  • A
    In all space.
  • B
    For any x for a given z.
  • C
    For any y for a given z.
  • D
    On the x-y plane for a given z.
✓

Answer

  1. For any x for a given z.
  2. For any y for a given z.
  3. On the x-y plane for a given z.

We know, the electric field intensity E and electric potential V are

$\text{E}=-\frac{\text{dV}}{\text{dr}}$

Electric potential decreases inf the direction of electric field. The direction of electric field is always perpendicular to one equipotential surface maintained at high electrostatic potential to other equipotential surface maintained at low electrostatic potential.

The electric field in z-direction suggest that equipotential surfaces are in x-y plane. Therefore the potential is a constant for any x for a given z, for any y for a given z and on the x-y plane for a given z.

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