Question
Define and design a test cross.
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Answer
Test cross: A cross in which an individual with an unknown dominant phenotype is crossed with a recessive individual for that trait. So it is helpful in knowing the genotype (whether it is homozygous or heterozygous for the dominant trait) of an unknown individual.
Condition I: If the unknown is homozygous tall (TT) then crossing with dwarf recessive (tt) gives all tall offsprings (Tt).
Condition II: If the unknown is heterozygous tall (Tt), then crossing with dwarf results in 50% tall (Tt) and 50% dwarf (tt) progeny.
Condition I: If the unknown is homozygous tall (TT) then crossing with dwarf recessive (tt) gives all tall offsprings (Tt).
Condition II: If the unknown is heterozygous tall (Tt), then crossing with dwarf results in 50% tall (Tt) and 50% dwarf (tt) progeny.
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