Question
Define conductivity and molar conductivity for the solution of an electrolyte.
Discuss their variation with concentration.
Discuss their variation with concentration.
✓
Answer
Conductivity: The reciprocal of resistance of an electrolyte in aqueous solution is known as its conductivity. It is equal to $\frac{1}{\text{R}}$
Molar Conductivity: Molar conductivity of a solution is defined as the conductance of all ions present in one mole of electrolyte in the solution. If M is the molar concentration in mol $L^{–1}$, then.
Fig: Molar conductivity versus $C^{1/2}$ for acetic acid (week electrolyte) and potassium chloride (strong electrolyte in aqueous solutions)
The curve shown below gives the change in conductance against square root of concentrations. We observe that for strong electrolytes like KCl, the conductance does not change much with decrease in \sqrtC; whereas in the case of weak electrolyte like acetic acid $(CH_3COOH)$ it increases much with decrease in √C.
Molar Conductivity: Molar conductivity of a solution is defined as the conductance of all ions present in one mole of electrolyte in the solution. If M is the molar concentration in mol $L^{–1}$, then.
Fig: Molar conductivity versus $C^{1/2}$ for acetic acid (week electrolyte) and potassium chloride (strong electrolyte in aqueous solutions)
The curve shown below gives the change in conductance against square root of concentrations. We observe that for strong electrolytes like KCl, the conductance does not change much with decrease in \sqrtC; whereas in the case of weak electrolyte like acetic acid $(CH_3COOH)$ it increases much with decrease in √C.
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