Define the term wavefront. State Huygen's principle. Consider a p… - Vidyadip

Question

Define the term wavefront. State Huygen's principle. Consider a plane wavefront incident on a thin convex lens. Draw a proper diagram to show how the incident wavefront traverses through the lens and after refraction focusses on the focal point of the lens, giving the shape of the emergent wavefront.

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Answer

When light is emitted from a source, then the particles present around it begins to vibrate. The locus of all such particles which are vibrating in the same phase is termed as wavefront.
Huygens' principle: Every point on a wave-front may be considered a source of secondary spherical wavelets which spread out in the forward direction at the speed of light. The new wave-front is the tangential surface to all of these secondary wavelets. Now when a plane wavefront (parallel rays) is incident on a thin convex lens, the emergent rays are focused on the focal point of the lens. Thus the shape of emerging wavefront is spherical.

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