Question
Define carbohydrates. What are reducing and non-reducing sugars?
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Answer
Carbohydrates are optically active polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones or the compounds which can be hydrolysed to polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones.
1. Reducing sugars: Those carbohydrates which contain free aldehyde or ketonic group and reduces Fehling’s solution and Tollen’s reagent are called reducing sugars. All monosaccharides whether aldose or ketone are reducing sugars.
2. Non-reducing sugars: Carbohydrates that do not reduce Tollen’s reagent and Fehling’s solution are called non – reducing sugars. Example Sucrose. They do not have a free aldehyde group.
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