Question
Describe connective tissue. How is it different from other tissues ?
✓
Answer
Connective tissue joins different parts of the body and provides support to them. It also fills up the space between various organs. Depending upon their structure and function, connective tissue is of three types :
(i) Connective tissue proper – It is of following types –
(a) Areolar tissue – It forms a continuous layer under the skin, fills up spaces between organs and acts up spaces between organs and acts as a packing material around the organs.
(b) Yellow fibrous tissue – It is found in ligaments (which join the bones) and arteries walls.
(c) White fibrous tissue – It is found in tendons (which connect muscles to the bones)
(d) Adipose tissue – Present around internal organs and beneath the skin, it stores energy as fat, cushions and insulates the body and provides protective covering around the organs.
(ii) Skeletal tissue – It is the solid connective tissue which provides support to the body and forms endoskeleton (internal skeleton) of vertebrates.
It is of two types –
(a) Cartilage – It relieves the bones of shocks and reduces friction between them.
(b) Bone – The are strong and hard. Red blood cells and white blood cells are formed in the bone marrow.
(iii) Fluid, connective tissue – It is of two types –
(a) Blood – It has a straw – coloured fluid matrix called plasma in which three types of cells are present-erythrocytes (Red blood cell, RBC), leucocytes (white blood cell, WBC) and thrombocytes (platelets). RBCs cany oxygen and carbon
dioxide to and from various body parts to the lungs. WBCs provide protection from foreign bodies. Platelets help in blood clotting.
(b) Lymph – It lacks RBCs and play important role in protecting body against infection. Connective tissue is different from other tissues because it has cells which are separated from each other. The space between the cells is composed of different intercellular substances that fomi the matrix or ground substance. The living cells produce the non-living matrix, which could be a liquid (in blood), semi-solid (connective tissue proper) or solid (bone).
(i) Connective tissue proper – It is of following types –
(a) Areolar tissue – It forms a continuous layer under the skin, fills up spaces between organs and acts up spaces between organs and acts as a packing material around the organs.
(b) Yellow fibrous tissue – It is found in ligaments (which join the bones) and arteries walls.
(c) White fibrous tissue – It is found in tendons (which connect muscles to the bones)
(d) Adipose tissue – Present around internal organs and beneath the skin, it stores energy as fat, cushions and insulates the body and provides protective covering around the organs.
(ii) Skeletal tissue – It is the solid connective tissue which provides support to the body and forms endoskeleton (internal skeleton) of vertebrates.
It is of two types –
(a) Cartilage – It relieves the bones of shocks and reduces friction between them.
(b) Bone – The are strong and hard. Red blood cells and white blood cells are formed in the bone marrow.
(iii) Fluid, connective tissue – It is of two types –
(a) Blood – It has a straw – coloured fluid matrix called plasma in which three types of cells are present-erythrocytes (Red blood cell, RBC), leucocytes (white blood cell, WBC) and thrombocytes (platelets). RBCs cany oxygen and carbon
dioxide to and from various body parts to the lungs. WBCs provide protection from foreign bodies. Platelets help in blood clotting.
(b) Lymph – It lacks RBCs and play important role in protecting body against infection. Connective tissue is different from other tissues because it has cells which are separated from each other. The space between the cells is composed of different intercellular substances that fomi the matrix or ground substance. The living cells produce the non-living matrix, which could be a liquid (in blood), semi-solid (connective tissue proper) or solid (bone).
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