Question
Describe major landforms.
✓
Answer
The major landforms are mountains, plateaus and plains. Details are given as under :
(i) Mountains : Mountain is natural elevation of the Earth surface. The mountains may have a small peak and a broad base. Less people live in the mountain areas because of harsh climate. Less land is available for farming because of steep slopes. Mountains may vary in their heights and shape. There are three types of mountains :
1. Fold Mountains
2. Block Mountains
3. the Volcanic Mountains.
Fold mountains are formed due to the processes of erosion. Block mountains are created when large areas are broken and displaced vertically. Volcanic mountains are formed due to volcanic activity. Mountains are very useful.
(ii) Plateau : A plateau is an elevated flat land. It is a flat-topped table land standing above the surrounding area. A plateau may have one or more sides with steep slopes. These may be young or old, hundred metres to several thousand metres. The Tibet plateau is the highest plateau in the world. Plateaus are very useful because they are rich in mineral deposits.
(iii) Plains : Plains are large stretches of flat land. Most of the plains are formed by rivers and their tributaries. Some of the largest plains made by the rivers are found in Asia and North America. Generally, the plains are very fertile, easy to transport. Thus, these are thickly populated regions of the world. In Asia, plains are formed by the Ganga and the Brahmaputra in India and the Yangtze in China. Plain areas are useful for habitation.
(i) Mountains : Mountain is natural elevation of the Earth surface. The mountains may have a small peak and a broad base. Less people live in the mountain areas because of harsh climate. Less land is available for farming because of steep slopes. Mountains may vary in their heights and shape. There are three types of mountains :
1. Fold Mountains
2. Block Mountains
3. the Volcanic Mountains.
Fold mountains are formed due to the processes of erosion. Block mountains are created when large areas are broken and displaced vertically. Volcanic mountains are formed due to volcanic activity. Mountains are very useful.
(ii) Plateau : A plateau is an elevated flat land. It is a flat-topped table land standing above the surrounding area. A plateau may have one or more sides with steep slopes. These may be young or old, hundred metres to several thousand metres. The Tibet plateau is the highest plateau in the world. Plateaus are very useful because they are rich in mineral deposits.
(iii) Plains : Plains are large stretches of flat land. Most of the plains are formed by rivers and their tributaries. Some of the largest plains made by the rivers are found in Asia and North America. Generally, the plains are very fertile, easy to transport. Thus, these are thickly populated regions of the world. In Asia, plains are formed by the Ganga and the Brahmaputra in India and the Yangtze in China. Plain areas are useful for habitation.
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(a) To decorate their living spaces
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(c) To serve as blueprints for construction
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