There are four main components of the environment and these four components are intertwined.
$(1)$ Atmosphere $(2)$ Atmosphere: $($Lithosphere$)\ (3)$ Water: $($Hydrosphere$)\ (4)$ Biosphere: $($Biosphere$)$
$(1)$ Atmosphere:
About $800\ km$ above the surface of the earth. The atmospheric mantle spread over $1000\ km$ is called 'atmosphere'.
Where air and its constituents, sunlight, temperature and humidity are included.
The atmosphere is very low in gases such as carbon dioxide, helium neon, ozone and water vapor in about $78\%$ nitrogen, $21\%$ oxygen and the remaining $1\%$
The uneven flow of the sun's gases causes changes in climate, temperature, and rainfall in different parts of the earth.
The atmosphere absorbs the sun's fast rays.
The atmosphere is made up of complex and dynamic elements.
If it breaks down, it affects the entire ecosystem.
$(2)$ Soil cover / land cover:
Soil cover includes soil surface and soil shapes such as rocks, mountains, valleys, hills, ravines etc.
Soil is formed from the dissolution of various rocks on Earth.
This mulch provides the nutrients needed for the nutrition of humans, animals, plants and micro-organisms.
There are two components to a soft cover:
$(1)$ Organic $(2)$ Inorganic
Arable land contains $95\%$ inorganic and $5\%$ organic matter.
Minerals in clay are used as raw materials in various industries.
Soil types fall according to the arrangement of the soil particles.
The upper layer of soil is called the "humus".
Soil cover contains air and water according to geographical conditions.
$(3)$ Aquifer:
The covering of water on the surface of the earth is called "water cover".
This aquifer covers $71\%$ of the earth's surface.
Watersheds that cover about $3/4$ of the earth's surface include oceans, bays, rivers, lakes, springs, as well as groundwater.
About $97\%$ of the aquifer is in the oceans and $2\%$ in the form of ice, while the remaining $1\%$ is in rivers, lakes and underground.
Only $1\%$ of these species survive.
Realizing the importance of water, dams are now being built on rivers to stop rain water.
Efforts are being made to use lake dams, check dams and seawater for human water.
$(4)$ Biological coating:
The life covering of the environment is the biological covering.
The group of humans, animals, and plants that lie on the surface of the earth is called the "biological covering."
The biological mantle is a thin layer compared to other layers of the earth.
The biological cover is about $24\ km$ from the bottom of the ocean to the atmosphere.
From which life becomes naturally possible and natural resources can be obtained from within.
The biological cover is a dynamic and large ecosystem.
It has many small ecosystems like country, state, district, valley, mountain, river and lake.