Question
Describe the discontinuous synthesis of DNA.
✓
Answer
The discontinuous synthesis of DNA is as follows:
- At the replication site, unwinding of double stranded DNA takes place by DNA gyrase and helicase.
- ssBPs (single-stranded binding proteins) bind to the separated strands to avoid recoiling or to provide stability.
- Since DNA polymerase can synthesise DNA only in 5′ → 3′ direction, DNA synthesis occurs discontinuously on the lagging strand.
- These small fragments of DNA are called Okazaki fragments.
- The enzyme primase adds primers after every fragment is formed.
- These Okazaki fragments are then joined by DNA ligase.
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