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PART - 1 CH - 4 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure — Chemistry STD 11 Science — Question

Rajasthan BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceChemistryPART - 1 CH - 4 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure5 Marks
Question
Describe the properties of covalent compounds.
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Answer

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$2\text{NO}(\text{g})+\text{O}_2(\text{g})\rightleftharpoons2\text{NO}_2(\text{g});\Delta\text{H}=-17\text{KJ}$
  1. Predict the effect of an increase in concentration of NO on the equilibrium concentration of NO2.
  2. Predict the effect of pressure decrease as a result of increased volume on the equilibrium concentration of NO2.
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Prove that product of $K _{ a }$ of acid and $K _{ b }$ of base is equal to $K_w$.
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  1. Write two important differences between inductive effect and resonance effect.
  2. Give reasons to explain the following observations:
  1. Carbon atom number 2 in CH3CH2Cl has more positive charge than that in CH3-CH2-Br.
  2. CH3-CH=CH-CH=CH2(I) is more stable than CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH=CH2(II)
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For the reaction,

2A(g) + B(g) → 2D(g)

$\Delta\text{U}^\ominus=-10.5\text{kJ} \ \text{and} \ \Delta\text{S}^\ominus=-44.1\text{kJ}^{-1}.$

Calculate $\Delta\text{G}^\ominus$ for the reaction, and predict whether the reaction may occur spontaneously.

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Match Column I with Column II.

S. No

 Column I (Reaction)

 S. No

 Column II (Equilibrium constant)
1.

 $2\text{N}_2(\text{g})+6\text{H}_2(\text{g})\rightleftharpoons4\text{NH}_3(\text{g})$

 (i)

 $2\text{K}_{\text{c}}$
2.

 $2\text{NH}_3(\text{g})\rightleftharpoons\text{N}_2(\text{g})+3\text{H}_2(\text{g})$

 (ii)

 $\text{K}_{\text{c}}^{\frac{1}{2}}$
3.

 $\frac{1}{2}\text{N}_2\text{(g)}+\frac{3}{2}(\text{g})\rightleftharpoons\text{NH}_3(\text{g})$

 (iii)

 $\frac{1}{\text{K}}$

4.

 

 (iv)

 $\text{K}^2_{\text{c}}$
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Give reasons for the following:
  1. Covalent bonds are directional bonds while ionic bonds are non- directional.
  2. Water molecule has bent structure whereas carbon dioxide molecule is linear.
  3. Ethyne molecule is linear.
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Represent the potential energy/enthalpy change in the following processes graphically.
  1.  Throwing a stone from the ground to roof.
  2.  $\frac{1}{2}\text{H}_2(\text{g})+\frac{1}{2}\text{Cl}_2(\text{g})\rightleftharpoons\text{HCl}(\text{g})$ $\Delta_\text{r}\text{H}^\ominus=-92.32\text{kJ}\ \text{mol}^{-1}$​​​​​​
In which of the processes potential energy/enthalpy change is contributing factor to the spontaneity?
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How much energy is required to ionise a H atom if the electron occupies n = 5 orbit? Compare your answer with the ionization enthalpy of H atom (energy required to remove the electron from n = 1 orbit).
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Explain the structure of triple bond.
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Explain the following in contrast to alkynes: (i) Polymerisation (ii) Isomerisation (iii) Oxidation (iv) Ozonolysis
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