Question
Describe the steps in producing somatic hybrids from protoplast.
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Answer
It is carried out by the following steps:
- Single cells from selected plants are isolated.
- The cell walls of cells are digested by enzymes like pectinase and cellulase, to expose the naked protoplasts.
- Naked protoplasts surrounded only by plasma membranes are isolated.
- The isolated protoplasts are fused to obtain hybrid protoplasts under sterile conditions in special nutrient media.
- The hybrid protoplasts are cultured in a suitable media to form new plant.
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Match the terms in Column I with those in Column II.
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S. No.
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Column I
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Column II
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A
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Transcription
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1
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A set of three bases on RNA that is complementary to the bases of codon on mRNA.
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B
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Anticodon
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2
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A unit of DNA that codes for a polypeptide.
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C
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Cistron
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3
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Process of synthesis of polypeptide as dictated by mRNA.
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D
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Translation
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4
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Process by which mRNA carries the information from nucleus to ribosomes.
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Distinguish between asexual and sexual reproduction. Why is vegetative reproduction also considered as a type of asexual reproduction?
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Let us assume in a given plant the genotype symbol “Y” stands for dominant yellow seed colour and “y” for recessive green seed colour; symbol “R” for round seed shape and “r” for wrinkled seeds.
Two homozygous parents (plants) with genotypes “RRYY” and “rryy” are crossed and their $F_1\_$generation progeny is then selfed. What shall be the:
→Two homozygous parents (plants) with genotypes “RRYY” and “rryy” are crossed and their $F_1\_$generation progeny is then selfed. What shall be the:
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- Genotype of $\mathrm{F}_1$-progeny.
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