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The form of the argument and the validity of the argument — Philosophy STD 12 Arts — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ArtsPhilosophyThe form of the argument and the validity of the argument3 Marks
Question
Determine the validity of the following arguments using the direct method of truth table:
$M \rightarrow N$
$\sim N$
$\therefore \sim M$
✓

Answer

Combining the two bases of this argument as a whole, the argument will be as follows:
$(M \rightarrow N)\ \&\ \sim N$
$\therefore \sim M$
Truth Table:
  Support Statement The resulting statement
  $1$ $2$ $3$ $4$ $5$ $6$ $7$
$M$ $N$ $\sim M$ $\sim N$ $M \rightarrow N$ $(M \rightarrow N)\ \&\ \sim N$ $\sim M$
$1$ $T$ $T$ $F$ $F$ $T$ $F$ $F$
$2$ $T$ $F$ $F$ $T$ $F$ $F$ $F$
$3$ $F$ $T$ $T$ $F$ $T$ $F$ $T$
$4$ $F$ $F$ $T$ $T$ $T$ $T^*$ $T^*$
  $1(\sim )$ $2(\sim )$ $1, 2(\rightarrow)$ $5, 4 (\&)$ As $3$
Judgment of the validity of the argument: In the truth table above, seven full columns have been formed. In which the column no. $6th$ base statement and column no. $7$ is the introduction of the result statement. Out of the total four rows of the truth table, only rows. The base statement in $4$ is the truth $‘T’$ and the resulting statement in the same row is also the truth $‘T’.$ Hence this argument is standard.

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