Diatomic molecules like hydrogen have energies due to both transl… - Vidyadip

MCQ

Diatomic molecules like hydrogen have energies due to both translational as well as rotational motion. From the equation in kinetic theory $\text{PV} = \frac{2}{3} E,E$ is:

A
The total energy per unit volume.
B
Only the translational part of energy because rotational energy is very small compared to the translational energy.
✓
Only the translational part of the energy because during collisions with the wall pressure relates to change in linear momentum.
D
The translational part of the energy because rotational energies of molecules can be of either sign and its average over all the molecules is zero.

✓

Answer

Correct option: C.

Only the translational part of the energy because during collisions with the wall pressure relates to change in linear momentum.

According to kinetic theory equation, $\text{PV} = \frac{2}{3} E [$where $P=$ Pressure $V =$ volume$]$
$E$ is representing only translational part of energy.
Internal energy contains all types of energies like translational, rotational, vibrational etc.
But the molecules of an ideal gas is treated as point masses in kinetic theory, so its kinetic energy is only due to translational motion.
Point mass does not have rotational or vibrational motion.
Here, we assumed that the walls only exert perpendicular forces on molecules.
They do not exert any parallel force, hence there will not be any type of rotation present.
The wall produces only change in translational motion.

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