Download App

Differentiation — Maths STD 12 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceMathsDifferentiation5 Marks
Question
Differentiate the following functions from first principles:
$\sin^{-1}(2\text{x}+3)$
✓

Answer

Let $\text{f(x)}=\sin^{-1}(2\text{x}+3)$
$\Rightarrow\ \text{f}(\text{x}+\text{h})=\sin^{-1}(2(\text{x}+\text{h})+3)$
$\Rightarrow\ \text{f}(\text{x}+\text{h})=\sin^{-1}(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)$
$\therefore \frac{\text{d}}{\text{dx}}\{\text{f(x)}\}=\lim\limits_{\text{h}\rightarrow0}\frac{\text{f}(\text{x}+\text{h})-\text{f(x)}}{\text{h}}$
$=\lim\limits_{\text{h}\rightarrow0}\frac{\sin^{-1}(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)-\sin^{-1}(2\text{x}+3)}{\text{h}}$
$=\lim\limits_{\text{h}\rightarrow0}\frac{\sin^{-1}\Big[(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)\sqrt{1+(2\text{x}+3)^2}-(2\text{x}+3)\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)^2}\Big]}{\text{h}}$
$\Big[\text{Since}, \sin^{-1}\text{x}-\sin^{-1}\text{y}=\sin^{-1}\big[\text{x}\sqrt{1-\text{y}^2}-\text{y}\sqrt{1-\text{x}^2}\big]\Big]$
$=\lim\limits_{\text{h}\rightarrow0}\frac{\sin^{-1}\text{z}}{\text{z}}\times\frac{\text{z}}{\text{h}}$
Where, $\text{z}=(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+3)^2}-(2\text{x}+3)\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)^2}$
$\text{and }\lim\limits_{\text{h}\rightarrow0}\frac{\sin^{-1}\text{h}}{\text{h}}=1$
$=\lim\limits_{\text{h}\rightarrow0}\frac{\text{z}}{\text{h}}$
$=\lim\limits_{\text{h}\rightarrow0}\frac{(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+3)^2}-(2\text{x}+3)\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)^2}}{\text{h}}$
$=\lim\limits_{\text{h}\rightarrow0}\frac{(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)^2-(2\text{x}+3)^2-(2\text{x}+3)^2\big(1-(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)^2\big)}{\big\{(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+3)^2}-(2\text{x}+3)\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)^2}\big\}}$
[Since, rationalizing numerator]
$=\lim\limits_{\text{h}\rightarrow0}\frac{\big[(2\text{x}+3)^2+4\text{h}^2+4\text{h}(2\text{x}+3)\big]\big(1-(2\text{x}+3)^2\big)-(2\text{x}+3)^2\big[1-(2\text{x}+3)^2-4\text{h}^2-4\text{h}(2\text{x}+3)\big]}{\text{h}\big\{(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+3)^2}+(2\text{x}+3)\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)^2}\big\}}$
$=\lim\limits_{\text{h}\rightarrow0}\frac{\Big[(2\text{x}+3)^2+4\text{h}^2+4\text{h}(2\text{x}+3)-(2\text{x}+3)^4-4\text{h}^2(2\text{x}+3)^2-4\text{h}(2\text{x}+3)^3 -(2\text{x}+3)^2+(2\text{x}+3)^3+4\text{h}^2(2\text{x}+3)^2+4\text{h}(2\text{x}+3)^3\Big]}{\text{h}\big\{(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+3)^2}+(2\text{x}+3)\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)^2}\big\}}$
$=\lim\limits_{\text{h}\rightarrow0}\frac{4\text{h}\big[\text{h}+(2\text{x}+3)\big]}{\text{h}\Big\{(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+3)^2}+(2\text{x}+3)\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+2\text{h}+3)^2}\Big\}}$
$=\frac{4\text{h}\big[\text{h}+(2\text{x}+3)\big]}{(2\text{x}+3)\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+3)^2}+(2\text{x}+3)\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+3)^2}}$
$=\frac{4(2\text{x}+3)}{2(2\text{x}+3)\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+3)^2}}$
$=\frac{2}{\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+3)^2}}$
So,
$\frac{\text{d}}{\text{dx}}\big(\sin^{-1}(2\text{x}+3)\big)=\frac{2}{\sqrt{1-(2\text{x}+3)^2}}$

Need a full question paper?

Generate a complete, print-ready paper with questions like this in minutes — across 16+ boards, with answer keys.

Start Generating Free

Explore more

More "Solve the Following Question.(5 Marks)" from Differentiation→Differentiation — all question types→Maths STD 12 Science question papers→Maharashtra Board STD 12 Science question papers→Maharashtra Board question paper generator→

Similar questions

Prove the following :

$\sin ^{-1}\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)+\cos ^{-1}\left(-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)=\cos ^{-1}\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)$

→
The probability of a bulb produced by a factory will fuse after 150 days of use is 0.05. Find the probability that out of 5 such bulbs
(i) none
(ii) not more than one
(iii) more than one
(iv) at least one, will fuse after 150 days of use.
→
Evaluate the following intregals:
$\int\frac{\cos\text{x}}{\cos3\text{x}}\ \text{dx}$
→
Solve the following differential equation
$\frac{1}{\text{x}}\frac{\text{dy}}{\text{dx}}=\tan^{-1}\text{x},\text{x}\neq0$
→
If $\text{x}-\text{e}^{\frac{\text{x}}{\text{y}}},$ prove that $\frac{\text{dy}}{\text{dx}}=\frac{\text{x}-\text{y}}{\text{x}\log\text{x}}$
→
Explain if Rolle's theorem is applicable to any one of the following functions.
  1. $\text{f}(\text{x})=[\text{x}]\text{ on }\text{x}\in[5,9]$
  2. $\text{f}(\text{x})=[\text{x}]\text{ on }\text{x}\in[-2,2]$
Can you say something about the converse of Rolle's Theorem from these functions?
→
Prove that:
$\begin{vmatrix}\text{a}^2&\text{bc}&\text{ac}+\text{c}^2\\\text{a}^2+\text{ab}&\text{b}^2&\text{ac}\\\text{ab}&\text{b}^2+\text{ac}&\text{c}^2\end{vmatrix}=4\text{a}^2\text{b}^2\text{c}^2$
→
Show that the curves $4 x=y^2$ and $4 x y=k$ cut at right angles, if $k^2=512$.
→
Differentiate the following functions with respect to x:
$10^{\log\sin\text{x}}$
→
Find the second order derivatives of the following functions:
$\text{y}=\tan^{-1}\text{x}$
→