Fixed Exchange Rate: It is the exchange rate determined by the government for conversion of domestic currency into foreign currency. This exchange rate does not vary with changes in demand and supply of foreign currency. This is because the government only has the power to change it.
Flexible Exchange Rate: It is the exchange rate determined by the market forces of demand and supply in the foreign exchange market. This exchange rate varies with changes in demand and supply of foreign currencies. It is also known as flexible exchange rate'.
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Identify the following items as credit or debit transactions on Balance of Payments account: Exports, imports, borrowing from rest of the world, lending to the rest of the world, import of software services.