Women and Sports — Physical Education STD 12 Commerce — Question

Menarche: Menarche is the first period or first menstrual bleeding that a young girl has. Menarche usually occurs approximately at the age of 12; however, it can happen as early as during 8 or 9 years of age or as late as during 16 years of age. Women's reproductive system is complex and sensitive to physiological stress. Such type of stress is usually associated with conditions like delayed menarche, amenorrhoea, etc.
These problems are experienced by some women who are engaged in intensive sports activities. However, women with delayed menarche may succeed in sports such as gymnastics. Those women who have early menarche have an advantage in sports such as swimming and rowing because they get more adipose tissue or adequate weight.
Menstrual Dysfunction: Menstrual dysfunction is a disorder or irregularity in women's menstrual cycle. In other words, it can be defined as an 'abnormal bleeding' during the menstrual cycle. Normal menstrual cycle varies from 21 to 35 days. Its flow lasts approximately two to seven days. Menstrual irregularities seem to be higher in women athletes in comparison to non-athletic women.