Question
Discuss the problems faced by small scale industries.

Answer

The problems faced by small scale industries are:
  1. Finance: The severe problems faced by SSIs is that of non- availability of adequate finance to carry out its operations.
Small business generally begins with a small capital base.

Many of the units in the small sector face scarcity of capital because of their lack of assets for offering as collateral/mortgage to secure bank loans.

As a result, these businesses have to rely on local financial resources and moneylenders for funds.
  1. Raw materials: If raw material are available in scarce amount then SSIs have to compromise on the quality or have to pay a high price to get good quality materials.
Also, they don't have enough storage facility and finance to buy goods in bulk. These things affects their business.
  1. Managerial skills: Small business is generally promoted and operated by a single person, who may not possess all the managerial skills required to run the business.
Many of the small business entrepreneurs possess sound technical knowledge but are less successful in marketing the output also SSIs cannot afford to hire professional managers.
  1. Labour: Small business firms cannot afford to pay higher salaries to the employees, which affects employee willingness to work hard and produce more.
Thus, productivity per employee is relatively low and employee turn over is generally high.
  1. Marketing: SSIs don't have specialisation in marketing its products or services.
Therefore, these business depend excessively on middlemen, who at times exploit them by paying low price and delayed payments.
  1. Quality: These industries fo not adhere to desired standards of quality and focus more on cutting the cost and keeping the prices low.
They do not have the necessary knowledge and expertise about quality issues.
  1. Capacity utilisation: Due to lack of marketing skills or lack of demand, most of the small businesses do not fully utilize their capacity.
Gradually this leads to sickness and closure of the business.
  1. Technology: SSIs uses outdated technology which results in low productivity and uneconomical production.
  2. Global Competition: Due to liberalization, privatisation and globalisation policies followed by most parts in world, small business find it difficult to stand against large industries and MNCs.

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