Question
Distinguish between : Cranial nerves and Spinal nerves

Answer

Cranial nerves Spinal nerves
1. Nerves arising from the brain are cranial nerves.1. Nerves arising from the spinal cord are spinal nerves.
2. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves.2. There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves.
3. Cranial nerves are of three types, viz sensory, mixed and motor.3. All spinal nerves are of mixed type.
4. Cranial nerves are responsible for cerebral reflexes.4. Spinal nerves are responsible for spinal reflexes.

Need a full question paper?

Generate a complete, print-ready paper with questions like this in minutes — across 16+ boards, with answer keys.

Start Generating Free

Similar questions

Distinguish between : Dura mater and pia mater.
Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
Green manuring is the fanning practice where a leguminous plant which has derived enough benefits from its association with appropriate species of Rhizobium, is ploughed into the field soil and then a non-legume is sown and allowed to get benefitted from the already present nitrogen fixer. Some legumes, such as, Crotolaria juncea, Sesbania rostrata, Lencaena leucocephala, etc. are used as green manure. Rhizobia, that fix atmospheric nitrogen in the form of nitrate, live in the roots ofleguminous plants. These nutrients are used by non-leguminous plants through the practice of green manuring.
  1. Green manures mainly provide nutrient enriched in:
  1. Magnesium.
  2. Sulphur.
  3. Nitrogen.
  4. Both (a) and (b).
  1. Which of the following plants is used as green manure in crop fields?
  1. Saccharum.
  2. Dichanthium.
  3. Phyllonthus.
  4. Crotolaria.
  1. Green manure plants belong to the Family:
  1. Lamiaceae.
  2. Papilionaceae.
  3. Liliaceae.
  4. Poaceae.
  1. Due to excess use of chemical fertilisers rich in nitrate, ________ disease occurred in children.
  1. Jaundice.
  2. Septicemia.
  3. Methemoglobinemia.
  4. Botulism.
  1. A green manure is:
  1. Rice.
  2. Maize.
  3. Sorghum.
  4. Sesbania.
Respiratory capacitiesRespiratory volumes
(1) Residual volume (RV)(a) 500 ml
(2) Vital capacity (VC)(b) 2000 – 3000 ml
(3) Tidal volume (TV)(c) 1100 – 1200 ml
(4) Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)(d) 4100 – 4600 ml
Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
The DNA, which is transferred from one organism into another by joining it with the vehicle DNA is called passenger or foreign DNA. Generally three types of passenger DNAs are used. These are complementary DNA (cDNA), synthetic DNA (sDNA) and random DNA. Complementary DNA (cDNA) is synthesized on RNA template (usually mRNA) with the help of reverse transcriptase. Synthetic DNA (sDNA) is synthesized on DNA template or without a template. Random DNA are small fragments fanned by breaking a chromosome of an organism in the presence of restriction endonucleases.
  1. Reverse transcriptase enzyme was discovered by:
  1. Temin and Baltimore.
  2. Cohen and Boyer.
  3. Arber and Nathan.
  4. Paul Berg.
  1. During cDNA formation, what would happen if DNA formed by reverse transcriptase is not treated with the alkali?
  1. cDNA will not be digested.
  2. mRNA will not be digested.
  3. Hydrogen bonds will not form between base pairs.
  4. rnRNA will not be formed.
  1. Enzyme that helps in the formation of double stranded cDNA is:
  1. DNA synthetase
  2. Ligase
  3. DNA polymerase
  4. Helicase.
  1. DNA polymerase can be obtained form:
  1. Retrovirus.
  2. Agrobacteriurn.
  3. Tobacco mosaic virus.
  4. Thermus aquaticus.
  1. DNA synthesised without a template is referred to as:
  1. Complementary DNA.
  2. Random DNA.
  3. Synthetic DNA.
  4. Z-DNA..
Image
Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
Discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1928 marked the beginning of the remarkable era in medical field. Penicillin was the first antibiotic extracted from Penicillium notatum. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial diseases. These can be broad spectrum which can kill diverse group of disease causing bacteria and narrow spectrum which is effective only against one group of pathogenic strain. Antibiotics can act as bactericides or bacteriostatic. Bactericidal antibiotics kill bacteria by - disruption of cell wall synthesis (e.g., penicillin, cephalosporin, etc.), inhibition of SOS ribosome function (e.g.; erythromycin), inhibition of 30S ribosome function (e.g., streptomycin, neomycin), inhibition of amino acid-tRNA binding to ribosome (e.g., tetracyline). etc. Bacteriostatic antibiotics do not kill the bacteria rather they restrict the growth of bacteria. Penicillin belongs to $\beta$-lactum group of antibiotics and it inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding and inactivating protein. It inhibits transpeptidation of reaction and blocks cross-linking of the cell wall. It is used to treat tonsilitis, sore throat, gonorrhoea, rheumatic fever and some pneumonia types.
  1. The first antibiotic was extracted from a:
  1. Lichen.
  2. Fungus.
  3. Eubacteria.
  4. Acti-nomycetes.
  1. Which of the following kills bacteria by interfering SOS ribosome function?
  1. Cephalosporin.
  2. Erythromycin.
  3. Streptomycin.
  4. Neomycin.
  1. $\beta$-lactum group of antibiotics kill the bacterial pathogen by:
  1. Disruption of plasma membrane.
  2. Inhibition of translation of mRNA.
  3. Inhibition of translation of mRNA
  4. Inhibition of transcription of mRNA.
  1. Penicillin is not used to treat.
  1. Pneumonia.
  2. Tonsilitis.
  3. Rheumatic fever.
  4. Candidiasis.
  1. Assertion: Cephalosporins act by disruption of bacterial cell wall synthesis mechanism.
Reason: Cephalosporins are bacteriostatic antibiotics.
  1. Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
  2. Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
  3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
  4. Both assertion and reason are false.
Column IColumn II
(1) Parturition(a) Attachment of embryo to endometrium
(2) Gestation(b) Release of egg from Graafian follicle
(3) Ovulation(c) Delivery of baby from uterus
(4) Implantation(d) Duration between pregnancy and birth
Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
The endosperm makes the main source of food for the embryo. Generally the endosperm nucleus divides after the division of the oospore, but in several cases the endosperm is formed to a great extent even before the first division of the oospore. There are three general types of endosperm formation: (a) nuclear type, (b) cellular type and (c) helobial type. The endosperm is usually triploid, but haploid endosperm is also found. Endosperm may either be completely consumed by the developing embryo before seed maturation, or it may persist in the mature seed.
  1. Haploid endosperm is found in:
  1. Pin us.
  2. Cauliflower.
  3. Sunflower.
  4. Pea.
  1. Persistent endosperm is found in:
P. Pea Q. Castor R. Bean S. Coconut T. Groundnut.
  1. Q and S.
  2. P and T.
  3. R, S and T.
  4. P, S and T.
  1. Milk of tender coconut represents (A) and the surrounding white coconut meal represents (B).
S. No
A
B
(a)
Cellular endosperm
Free- nuclear endosperm
(b)
Free-nuclear endosperm
Cellular endosperm
(c)
Helobial endosperm
Cellular endosperm
(d)
Free-nuclear endosperm
Helobial endosperm
  1. If an endosperm cell of a gymnosperm contains 12 chromosomes, the number of chromosomes in each cell of the root will be:
  1. 4
  2. 24
  3. 16
  4. 6
  1. In angiosperms, normally after fertilization:
  1. The zygote divides earlier than the primary endosperm nucleus.
  2. The primary endosperm nucleus divides earlier than the zygote.
  3. Both the zygote and primary endosperm nucleus divide simultaneously.
  4. Both the zygote and primary endosperm nucleus undergo a resting period.
Column I (Phenomena)Column II (Effect)
(1) Eutrophication(a) Soil erosion
(2) Biomagnification(b) Prevention of extinction
(3) Conservation(c) Accumulation of non-biodegradable substance
(4) Deforestation(d) Death of aquatic ecosystem
Column A (Mechanism)Column B (Type of pollination)
(1) Geitonogamy(a) Thea
(2) Herkogamy(b) Gloriosa
(3) Self-sterility(c) Cucurbita
(4) Protogyny(d) Calotropis