Economic reforms have not been able to benefit the agricultural sector because:

1. Public investment in agriculture sector especially in infrastructure which includes irrigation, power, roads, market linkages and research has been reduced in the reform period.
2. Liberalisation has forced the small farmers to compete in the global market where prices of goods have fallen while removal of subsidies has led to increase in the cost of production, making farming more expensive.
3. The various policy changes like reduction in import duties on agricultural products, removal of minimum support price and lifting of quantitative restrictions have increased the threat of international competition to the Indian farmers.
4. The export-oriented growth has favoured increased production of cash crops rather than food grains. This has increased the prices of food grains.

In general, the post-reform period appears to be one of disequilibrium with most manufacturing industries recording a decline in total factor productivity.
This was due to:

1. Globalisation has created conditions for free movement of goods and services from foreign countries that adversely affect the local industries and employment in developing countries.
2. Decreasing demand of domestic industrial products due to cheaper imports.
3. Inadequate investment in infrastructural facilities such as power supply.
4. A developing country like India still does not have the access to the developed countries markets, due to high non-tariff barriers.