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Definite Integrals — Maths STD 12 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceMathsDefinite Integrals5 Marks
Question
Evaluate the following integrals:$\int^\limits{\frac{\pi}{2}}_0\sin2\text{x }\tan^{-1}(\sin\text{x})\text{dx}$
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Answer

Let $\text{I}=\int^\limits{\frac{\pi}{2}}_0\sin2\text{x }\tan^{-1}(\sin\text{x})\text{dx}$ Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get$\cos\text{x dx}=\text{dt}$
Now, $\text{x}=0,\text{t}=0$$\text{x}=\frac{\pi}{2},\text{t}=1$
$\therefore\ \int^\limits{\frac{\pi}{2}}_0\sin2\text{x }\tan^{-1}(\sin\text{x})\text{dx}=2\int^\limits{1}_0\text{t }\tan^{-1}\text{t dt}$ $\big[\because\sin2\text{x}=2\sin\text{x }\cos\text{x}\big]$
Using by parts$=2\Big\{\tan^{-1}\text{t}\int\text{t dt}-\int\big(\int\text{t dt}\big)\frac{\text{d}\tan^{-1}\text{t}}{\text{dt}}\Big\}$
$=2\Big\{\frac{\text{t}^2}{2}\tan^{-1}\text{t}-\frac{1}{2}\int\frac{\text{t}^2}{1+\text{t}^2}\text{ dt}\Big\}$
$=2\bigg\{\frac{\text{t}^2}{2}\tan^{-1}\text{t}-\frac{1}{2}\Big(\int\text{dt}-\int\frac{\text{dt}}{1+\text{t}^2}\text{ dt}\Big)\bigg\}$
$=2\Big[\frac{\text{t}^2}{2}\tan^{-1}\text{t}-\frac{1}{2}\big(\text{t}-\tan^{-1}\text{t}\big)\Big]^1_0$
$=2\bigg\{\frac{1}{2}\frac{\pi}{4}-\frac{1}{2}\Big(1-\frac{\pi}{4}\Big)\bigg\}$
$=2\Big\{\frac{\pi}{8}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{\pi}{8}\Big\}$
$=2\Big(\frac{\pi}{4}-\frac{1}{2}\Big)$
$=\frac{\pi}{2}-1$

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