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Taxonomy and Systematic Botany — BIO BOTANY STD 11 — Question

Tamilnadu BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11BIO BOTANYTaxonomy and Systematic Botany5 Marks
Question
Explain Allium cepa in botanical terms. Draw floral diagram.
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Answer

Botanical description of Allium cepa:
  1. Habit: Perennial herb with bulb.
  2. Root: Fibrous adventitious root system
  3. Stem: Underground bulb
  4. Leaf: A cluster of radical leaves emerges from the underground bulb, cylindrical and fleshy having sheathy leaf bases with parallel venation.
  5. Inflorescence: Scapigerous i.e. the inflorescence axis (peduncle) arising from the ground bearing a cluster of flowers at its apex. Pedicels are of equal length, arising from the apex of the peduncle which brings all flowers at the same level.
  6. Flower: Small, white, bracteate, bracteolate, pedicellate, complete, trimerous, actinomorphic and hypogynous. Flowers are protandrous.
  7. Perianth: Tepals 6, white, arranged in two whorls of three each, syntepalous showing valvate aestivation.
  8. Androecium: Stamens 6, arranged in two whorls of three each, epitepalous, apostamenous / free and opposite to tepals. Anthers dithecous. basifixed, introse and dehiscing longitudinally.
  9. Gynoecium: Tricarpellary and syncarpous. Ovary superior, trilocular with two ovules in each locule on axile placentation. Style simple, slender with simple stigma.
  10. Fruit: A loculicidal capsule.
  11. Seed: Endospermous
  12. Floral Formula:
  13. Image

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