Question
Explain catenation of group $14$ elements.
| Bond | Bond strength $($Bond enthalpy $kJ mol^{-1})$ |
| $C-C$ | $348$ |
| $Si-Si$ | $297$ |
| $Ge-Ge$ | $260$ |
| $Sn-Sn$ | $240$ |
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| Law | Statement | ||
| i. | Law of definite proportions | a. | When two elements A and B form more than one compounds, the masses of element B that combine with a given mass of A are always in the ratio of small whole numbers |
| ii. | Gay Lussac’s law | b. | Equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules |
| iii. | Law of multiple proportions | c. | When gases combine or are produced in a chemical reaction they do so in a simple ratio by volume, provided all gases are at same temperature and pressure |
| iv. | Avogadro’s law | d. | A given compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by weight |