Question
Explain co-ordination in plants with the help of suitable examples.
✓
Answer
- Plants do not have systems like the nervous system or muscular system.
- In plants, movements are mainly in the form of responses given to the stimuli.
- Plants show two types of movements – growth relevant movements and growth irrelevant movements.
- Movement or growth of any part of the plant in response to an external stimulus is called tropism or tropic movement.
- Examples of growth-relevant movements are :
- The shoot system of any plant responds to the light stimulus i.e., it grows towards the source of light. This is called phototropic movement.
- The root system of plants responds to stimuli like gravitation and water. These responses are called gravitropic movement and hydrotropic movement respectively.
- Movement shown by plants in response to specific chemicals is called chemotropic movement.
- For example, the growth of the pollen tube towards the ovule.
- Some specific movements of the plants do not lead to the plant growth.
- Such movements are called growth-irrelevant movements.
- As a response to changes in the surroundings, plant hormones bring about various movements in plants.
- Examples of growth irrelevant movements are closing of leaflets of Touch-me-not (Mimosa) plant on touch.
- In the plant called Venus fly trap, when an insect visits the flower like trap, the trap closes up and the trapped insect is digested by the plant.
- The lotus flower opens during day-time while that of the tuberose opens at night.
- In plants like Touch-me-not (Mimosa), movement also occurs at places other than where it has been touched.
- Hence, we can infer that the information about the touch must have been released within the plant from one place to another.
- Plants use electrochemical impulses for transfer of information from one place to another.
- Plant cells change their shape by increasing or decreasing the water content and thereby, bring about the movements of plants.
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