Question
Explain divergent & convergent evolution with example.
✓
Answer
→ Divergent evolution:
→ Organisms which have the same structure (formation) have developed, but are adapted in different directions and according to their different needs is known as divergent development.
→ This structure is called equivalent or structure similar.
→ Equivalence indicates common ancestors.
Example:
(1) Vertebrate Heart and Brain
(2) In plants, the thorn of Bougainvillae and Cucurbita represents homology.
(3) Whales, bats, leopards and humans have similarities in the bones of the forelimbs.
→ Convergent evolution:
→ Organisms in which the vision of the internal structure is not the same, but are adapted to perform the same function, such development is called convergent evolution.
→ These structures are also called functional structures.
Example:
(1) The wing of a butterfly and a bird look the same. But they are not anatomically similar.
(2) Eye of Octopus and Mammals
(3) Flippers of penguins and dolphins
(4) Roots of sweet potatoes and tubers of potatoes.
→ Organisms which have the same structure (formation) have developed, but are adapted in different directions and according to their different needs is known as divergent development.
→ This structure is called equivalent or structure similar.
→ Equivalence indicates common ancestors.
Example:
(1) Vertebrate Heart and Brain
(2) In plants, the thorn of Bougainvillae and Cucurbita represents homology.
(3) Whales, bats, leopards and humans have similarities in the bones of the forelimbs.
→ Convergent evolution:
→ Organisms in which the vision of the internal structure is not the same, but are adapted to perform the same function, such development is called convergent evolution.
→ These structures are also called functional structures.
Example:
(1) The wing of a butterfly and a bird look the same. But they are not anatomically similar.
(2) Eye of Octopus and Mammals
(3) Flippers of penguins and dolphins
(4) Roots of sweet potatoes and tubers of potatoes.
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