Explain four main causes of India's agricultural stagnation during colonial period.
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The main causes of stagnation of Indian agriculture during the colonial period are:
- The land revenue system, particularly the 'Zamindari system' introduced by the Britishers caused a lot of misery and social tension among the cultivators of land.
- Low level of productivity of agricultural land on account of the tillers/ cultivators not having any surplus funds to spend on fertilisers, irrigation facilities etc. This was mainly because they had to pay huge amount in the form of "rent" to the government.
- Commercialisation of agriculture hardly helped farmers in improving their economic status.
- India's agriculture was starved of investment in the fields of flood control, drainage, terracing and desalination of soil.
- Small farmers, a large section of tenants and sharecroppers neither had the resources nor technology. They thereby had no interest in agriculture.
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