Poverty — Economics STD 12 Humanities & Commerce — Question

Measures to remove poverty in India:

1. 'Trickle-down effect' is an economic theory that says that the growth of gross domestic product and per capita income by allowing the rich to flourish, would eventually benefit lower income groups also through increased economic activity and reduced unemployment.

It was government's approach to poverty reduction It was felt that rapid industrial development and transformation of agriculture through green revolution would benefit the underdeveloped regions and the more backward sections of the community,

2. Expanding self-employment and wage-employment programmes are being considered as the major ways of addressing poverty. Some of them are:

1. Self-employment programmes:

• National Social Assistance Programme.
• Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP).
• .Prime Minister's Rozgar Yojana (PMRY).
• Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SUSRY).

2. Wage-employment programmes:

• National Food for Work Programme (NFWP).
• National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005.
• Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana (SGRY).

3. The third measure is to provide minimum basic amenities to the people, through public expenditure on social consumption needs, provision of foodgrains at subsidised rates, education, health, water supply and sanitation. Programmes under this approach are expected to supplement the consumption of the poor, create employment opportunities and bring about improvements in health and education.