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Economic Thoughts — Economics STD 11 Commerce — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 CommerceEconomicsEconomic Thoughts3 Marks
Question
Explain Gandhiji's thoughts about decentralized Economy.
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Answer

  • Villages were in the center of the economic system envisioned by Gandhiji.
  • He favored a decentralized economic system for India.
  • He wanted economic power to be distributed among many Indians and not among a few people only. He emphasized on Small scale & household industry for decentralized economy & also accepted the importance of voluntary organization.
  • He also advocated the interference of state for eradicating exploitation done by masters. The concept of 'Gram Swaraj' and 'Gram Swawlamban $($rural independence$)$ is also included in his thoughts of decentralized economy.
  • According to him, majority of the capitalist industries creates problems like centralization of economic power, urbanization and environmental imbalance.
  • So Gandhiji presented program of 'Charkha' and `khadr.
  • According to him centralized economy is necessary for Indians to earn livelihood.
  • Decentralized economy is necessary for existence of independence and cultural reasons.
  • Concept of Gandhiji's decentralized economy has two specialties.
    • Economic power should be distributed among people at large instead of few persons.
    • Economic activities expansion should be more in villages. Gandhiji's economical dependence is possible only when economic activities are decentralized. economic activities should be spread in lakhs of village then only decentralization is possible.
    • The biggest contribution in modern economics by Gandhiji in his philosophy about decentralized economy.
    • If we want to give work and food to all Indians then decentralization can play a big role in economic strategy.
    • Capital oriented large scale industries cannot solve problem of unemployment of our country.
    • Crores of Indian populations live midst poverty in villages.
    • The only solution to eradicate this of nation is to make development in villages. Development of small industries based on decentralization and to create an atmosphere for industries is necessary.
    • In western countries, urbanization and mechanization has created such problems the importance of man has reduced, his independent existence is in danger.
    • So owing to cultural reasons, decentralized economy is desirable for india.

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