The Solid State — Chemistry STD 12 Science — Question
Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceChemistryThe Solid State2 Marks
Question
Explain how vacancies are introduced in an ionic solid when a cation of higher valence is added as an impurity in it.
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Answer
If we mix a small amount of molten strontium chloride $(SrCl_2)$ with molten sodium chloride (NaCl) and the resulting solution is cooled, in the crystals of NaCl some $Na^+$ ions will get replaced by $Sr^{2+}$ ions. In order to maintain electron neutrality too $Na^+$ ions are to leave their respective lattice sites. However, one out of them will be occupied by the $Sr^{2+}$ ion while the other will remain unoccupied or it will be vacant. Thus vacancies are introduced in an ionic solid.
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