Electric Charges and Fields — Physics STD 12 Science — Question
Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 SciencePhysicsElectric Charges and Fields3 Marks
Question
Explain linear density, surface density and volume density for continuous charge distribution.
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Answer
(1) Linear distribution of electric charge. ►If there is a continuous electric charge on a line, it is called linear distribution of electric charge. ►The electric charge per unit length on an electrically charged line is called linear density of electric charge. ►Assume there is a total charge of Q on the line length of $l$. ►Linear density of charge, $\lambda=\frac{\text { Total electric charge }}{\text { length }}=\frac{ Q }{l}$ SI unit of linear density is $C / m$
(2) Surface distribution of charge : If there is a continuous electric charge on a surface, it is called surface distribution of charge. ►The electric charge per unit surface is called surface density of charge. ►Assume there is a total charge of Q on the Surface of Area A, $\therefore$ Surface density of charge, $\sigma=\frac{\text { Total electric ch arge }}{\text { Area }}=\frac{ Q }{ A }$ ►SI unit : $C / m ^2$
(3) Volume distribution of charge : If there is a continuous electric charge on a volume, it is called volume distribution of charge. ►The electric charge per unit volume is called volume density of charge. ►Assume there is a total charge Q on the matter with volume V , $\therefore$ Volume density of charge $\Omega=\frac{\text { Total ch arg } e }{\text { volume }}=\frac{ Q }{ V }$ ►SI unit : C $/ m ^3$
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