Question
Explain peroxide effect.
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(i) Give two methods in which $> C = O$ group is converted into $> C H _2$ group.
(ii) In the purification of aldehydes sodium bi-sulphite is used, why?
→(ii) In the purification of aldehydes sodium bi-sulphite is used, why?
Explain the preparation of carboxylic acid from nitriles and amides with necessary equations.
o-nitrophenol is more acidic than o-methoxyphenol.
Write the reactions of Williamson synthesis of 2-ethoxy-3-methylpentane starting from ethanol and 3-methylpentan-2-ol.
The rate constant for a first order reaction is 60 s-1 How much time will it take to reduce the concentration of the reactant to 1/10th of its initial value?
Give the structures of A, B and C in the following reaction:
$\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}\xrightarrow[\Delta]{\text{NH}_3}\text{A}\xrightarrow[]{\text{NaOBr}}\text{B}\xrightarrow[]{\text{NaNO}_2/\text{HCl}}\text{C}$
→→$\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}\xrightarrow[\Delta]{\text{NH}_3}\text{A}\xrightarrow[]{\text{NaOBr}}\text{B}\xrightarrow[]{\text{NaNO}_2/\text{HCl}}\text{C}$
Tarnished silver contains Ag2S. Can this tarnish be removed by placing tarnished silver ware in an aluminium pan containing an inert electrolytic solution such as NaCl? The standard electrode potential for half reaction:
$\text{Ag}_2\text{S(s) + 2e}^-\xrightarrow{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ }2\text{Ag(s) + S}^{2-}\text{is}-0.71\text{V}$
and for $\text{Al}^{3+}+3\text{e}^{-}\xrightarrow{ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }2\text{Al(s) is}-1.66\text{V}$
→→$\text{Ag}_2\text{S(s) + 2e}^-\xrightarrow{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ }2\text{Ag(s) + S}^{2-}\text{is}-0.71\text{V}$
and for $\text{Al}^{3+}+3\text{e}^{-}\xrightarrow{ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }2\text{Al(s) is}-1.66\text{V}$
Give the examples of chain and position isomerism in carboxylic acids.