Question
Explain Rutherford's argument for scattered $\alpha$-particles.
✓
Answer
→In $\alpha$-particle scattering experiment most $\alpha$-particles pass through without being detected.
→Only about $0.14 \% \alpha$-particles scatter by more than $1^{\circ}$ and about 1 in 8000 deflect by more than $90^{\circ}$.
→For this Rutherford argued that for the $\alpha$-particle to be deflected backwards it must experience a large repulsive force.
→This is possible only when almost entire mass of the atom is concentrated in its center and this center is positively charged.
→Then incoming $\alpha$-particle could get very close to the positive charge without penetrating it and such a close encounter would result in a large deflection.
→This agreement supported the hypothesis of the nuclear atom. This is why Rutherford is credited with the discovery of the nucleus.
→Only about $0.14 \% \alpha$-particles scatter by more than $1^{\circ}$ and about 1 in 8000 deflect by more than $90^{\circ}$.
→For this Rutherford argued that for the $\alpha$-particle to be deflected backwards it must experience a large repulsive force.
→This is possible only when almost entire mass of the atom is concentrated in its center and this center is positively charged.
→Then incoming $\alpha$-particle could get very close to the positive charge without penetrating it and such a close encounter would result in a large deflection.
→This agreement supported the hypothesis of the nuclear atom. This is why Rutherford is credited with the discovery of the nucleus.
Need a full question paper?
Generate a complete, print-ready paper with questions like this in minutes — across 16+ boards, with answer keys.
Explore more
Similar questions
At what rate should the earth rotate so that the apparent g at the equator becomes zero? What will be the length of the day in this situation?
Write the uses of Gauss's law.
Find the angular separation between the consecutive bright fringes in a Young's double slit experiment with blue$-$green light of wavelength $500\ nm$. The separation between the slits is $2.0 \times 10^{-3}m.$
→Plot a graph showing the variation of coulomb force (F) versus$\bigg(\frac{1}{\text{r}^{2}}\bigg)$; where r is the distance between the two charges of each pair of charges: (1 μC, 2 μC) and (2 μC, – 3 μC). Interpret the graphs obtained.
→If light of wavelength 412·5nm is incident on each of the metals given below, which ones will show photoelectric emission and why?
|
Metal
|
Work Function (eV)
|
|
Na
|
1.92
|
|
K
|
2.15
|
|
Ca
|
3.20
|
|
Mo
|
4.17
|
Protons with kinetic energy K emerge from an accelerator as a narrow beam. The beam is bent by a perpendicular magnetic field, so that it just misses a plane target kept at a distance l in front of the accelerator. Find the magnetic field.
List all the forces acting on:
- The pulley A.
- The boy and.
- The block C in figure.
$P$ and $Q$ are two identical charged particles each of mass $4 \times 10^{-26} \ kg$ and charge $4.8 \times 10^{-19} C$, each moving with the same speed of $2.4 \times 10^5 m / s$ as shown in the figure. The two particles are equidistant $(0.5 m)$ from the vertical $Y -$ axis. At some instant, a magnetic field $B$ is switched on so that the two particles undergo head $-$ on collision.
Find $–$
$(I)$ the direction of the magnetic field and
$(II)$ the magnitude of the magnetic field applied in the region.
→Find $–$
$(I)$ the direction of the magnetic field and
$(II)$ the magnitude of the magnetic field applied in the region.
Find the fundamental, first overtone and second overtone frequencies of an open organ pipe of length 20cm. Speed of sound in air is 340m/s.
Net capacitance of three identical capacitors in series is $1\mu\text{F}.$ What will be their net capacitance if connected in parallel?
Find the ratio of energy stored in the two configurations if they are both connected to the same source.
→Find the ratio of energy stored in the two configurations if they are both connected to the same source.