Explain the determination of molar conductivity of a weak electro… - Vidyadip

Question

Explain the determination of molar conductivity of a weak electrolyte at infinite dilution or zero concentration using Kohlrausch’s law.

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Answer

Molar conductivity of a weak electrolyte at infinite dilution or zero concentration cannot be measured experimentally. Consider the molar conductivity $\left(\wedge_0\right.$ ) of a weak acid, $CH _3 COOH$ at zero concentration. By conductivities of $CH _3 COO ^{-}$and $H ^{+}$ions respectively. If $\wedge_{0 CH _3 COONa ,} \wedge_{OHCl }$ and $\wedge_{ ONaCl }$ are the molar conductivities of $CH _3 COONa , HCl$ and $NaCl$ respectively at zero concentration, then by Kohlrausch's law,$\Lambda_{0 CH _3 COOH }=\lambda^0{ }_{ CH _3 COOH ^{-}}+\lambda^0{ }^{+}+$where $\lambda^0{ }_{ CH _3 COO ^{-}}$and $\lambda^0 H ^{+}$ are the molar ionic conductivities of $CH _3 COO ^{-}$and $H ^{+}$ions respectively.

If $\Lambda_{0 CH _3 COONa ^{\prime}} \wedge_{ OHCl }$ and $\Lambda_{0 NaCl }$ are the molar conductivities of $CH _3 COONa , HCl$ and NaCl respectively at zero concentration, then by Kohlrausch's law,

Hence, from $\wedge_0$ values of strong electrolytes, $\wedge_0$ of a weak electrolyte $CH _3 COOH$, at infinite dilution can be calculated.

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