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Evolution — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYEvolution5 Marks
Question
Explain the difference between apes and human.
✓

Answer

Differences between ape and human :
CharactersHumanApe
1. HabitalTerrestrialArboreal
2. LocomotionErect and plantigrade (on soles)Semierect and on outer edges of feet
3. Limb-sizeLegs longer than armsArms longer than legs
4. PollexOpposableOpposable
5. HalluxNot opposableOpposable
6. Simian gap (between incisor and canine)AbsentPresent
7. Anterior premolars of lower jawSmall and bicuspidLarge and pointed
8. Neck musclesAttached below the brain boxAttached to back of brain box.
9. Basin (Space between pelvic girdles)Broad basinNarrow basin
10. Body hairShort and softLong and coarse
11. ClawsAbsent. Nails presentPresent in Gibbon
12. Ischial callositiesAbsentPresent in Gibbon
13. Cranial cavity1450-1600c.c.Gibbon 100 c.c; Orangutan = 395, c.c., Chimpanzee = 400 c.c.; Gorilla = 520 c.c.
14. Curves in vertebral columnFourOne
15. FaceOrthognathous (flat)Prognathous (protruding)
16. Supra-orbital ridgesAbsentPresent
17. ChinDistinctIndistinct
18. Lumbar curvePresentAbsent
19. Dental archRounded parabolaU-shaped parabola

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