Question
Explain the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principle.
✓
Answer
→ In a given population one can find out the frequency of occurrence of alleles of a gene or a locus.
→ This frequency is supposed to remain fixed and even remain the same through generations.
→ Hardy-Weinberg principle stated it using algebraic equations.
→ This principle says that allele frequencies in a population are stable and is constant from generation to generation.
→ The gene pool (total genes and their alleles in a population) remains a constant. This is called genetic equilibrium.
→ Sum total of all the allelic frequencies is 1. Individual frequencies, for example, can be named p, q etc.
→ In a diploid, p and q represent the frequency of allele A and allele a.
→ p² + 2pq + q2 =1. This is a binomial
expansion of (p + q)2.Where : p2 - Frequency of individuals with Where: p genotype AA.
q² - Frequency of individuals with genotype aa. 2pq - Frequency of individuals with genotype Aa.
→ When frequency measured, differs from expected values, the difference (direction). indicates the extent of evolutionary change.
→ Disturbance in genetic equilibrium, or Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, i.e. change of frequency of alleles in a population would then be interpreted as resulting in evolution.
→ This frequency is supposed to remain fixed and even remain the same through generations.
→ Hardy-Weinberg principle stated it using algebraic equations.
→ This principle says that allele frequencies in a population are stable and is constant from generation to generation.
→ The gene pool (total genes and their alleles in a population) remains a constant. This is called genetic equilibrium.
→ Sum total of all the allelic frequencies is 1. Individual frequencies, for example, can be named p, q etc.
→ In a diploid, p and q represent the frequency of allele A and allele a.
→ p² + 2pq + q2 =1. This is a binomial
expansion of (p + q)2.Where : p2 - Frequency of individuals with Where: p genotype AA.
q² - Frequency of individuals with genotype aa. 2pq - Frequency of individuals with genotype Aa.
→ When frequency measured, differs from expected values, the difference (direction). indicates the extent of evolutionary change.
→ Disturbance in genetic equilibrium, or Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, i.e. change of frequency of alleles in a population would then be interpreted as resulting in evolution.
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